Korean J Anesthesiol.  2014 Aug;67(2):85-89. 10.4097/kjae.2014.67.2.85.

The comparison of the effects of intravenous ketamine or dexmedetomidine infusion on spinal block with bupivacaine

• Kim MH
• Jung SY
• Shin JD
• Lee SH
• Park MY
• Lee KM
• Lee JH
• Cho K
• Lee W

• KMID: 2227408
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2014.67.2.85

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Ketamine and dexmedetomidine are commonly used for sedation and analgesia in patients. We tried to compare the effects of intravenous ketamine and dexmedetomidine infusion on spinal block with bupivacaine.
METHODS
Ninety American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status class I or II patients, who were scheduled to spinal anesthesia were randomly assigned to one of three groups (n = 30). Normal saline 10 ml, 5 ml/hr (loading dose for 10 minutes, infusion) (Group NS), dexmedetomidine 1 microg/kg, 0.5 microg/kg/hr (Group DEX), or ketamine 0.2 mg/kg, 0.5 mg/kg/hr (Group KET) was infused intravenously before spinal anesthesia. We recorded the time to highest sensory block level, sensory and motor regression, and hemodynamic changes.
RESULTS
Patients in Groups KET had a significantly faster onset time of sensory block than patients in Group NS. The highest sensory block levels were not significantly different between groups. Average time of sensory regression and knee flexion, was significantly longer in the Group KET and Group DEX than the Group NS.
CONCLUSIONS
Intravenous dexmedetomidine and ketamine were found to have a similar synergistic effect with intrathecal bupivacaine. Hemodynamic stability showed better results in Group KET.

Keyword

Dexmedetomidine; Ketamine; Spinal anesthesia

MeSH Terms

Analgesia
Anesthesia, Spinal
Bupivacaine*
Dexmedetomidine*
Hemodynamics
Humans
Ketamine*
Knee
Bupivacaine
Dexmedetomidine
Ketamine