J Korean Soc Traumatol.  2012 Dec;25(4):152-158.

A Nationwide Study on the Epidemiology of Head Trauma and the Utilization of Computed Tomography in Korea

• Park SY
• Jung JY
• Kwak YH
• Kim DK
• Suh DB

Abstract

PURPOSE
To understand the epidemiology of head trauma and the utilization of brain CT in Korea, we analyzed a national sampling data set, the National Patient Sample obtained from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service.
METHODS
We retrospectively collected and analyzed demographic and clinical data on enrolled patients from the National Patient Sample based on medical claims data for 2009. The data included patient's age, sex, treatment date, diagnosis codes, procedure codes related with CT, holiday or night consultation fee, and fee for emergency management services.
RESULTS
In 2009, the estimated population with head trauma was 819,059(1.8%), and the rate of brain CT utilization was 22.4%. Children ages 5 to 15 were the most commonly injured group(22.8%), but had the lowest brain CT utilization(16.5%). The mean age of the estimated population with head trauma was 34.9+/-0.5 years old, and male patients accounted for 60.5% of that population. Intracranial injury was found in 8.6% of all head traumas, and the rate of intracranial injury in children was lower than it was in adults(4.1% vs. 10.9%, p<0.001). Twenty-three percent of patients with head trauma visited the emergency department (ED). More patients with head trauma visited medical facilities in the daytime on weekdays(66.5% vs. 33.5%, p<0.001), but head CT was performed more frequently at night or on weekends/holidays(16.1% vs. 34.7%, p<0.001). There is low incidence of head trauma in the winter in children (p<0.001). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, patients who were adults, female, or ED visitors were more likely to undergo brain CT (odds ratio (OR): 1.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.47-1.84; OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.27-1.54; OR: 7.80, 95% CI: 6.91-8.80, respectively).
CONCLUSION
In this study, we analyzed the national epidemiologic trend for head trauma, and the pattern of utilization of brain CT.

Keyword

Head trauma; Brain CT; the National Patient Sample; Nationwide

MeSH Terms

Adult
Brain
Child
Craniocerebral Trauma
Emergencies
Fees and Charges
Female
Head
Holidays
Humans
Incidence
Insurance, Health
Korea
Logistic Models
Male
Retrospective Studies