Korean J Med.  2016 Jun;90(6):474-480. 10.3904/kjm.2016.90.6.474.

Updates on Preventing HIV Infection

• Choi JY

• KMID: 2218767
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3904/kjm.2016.90.6.474

Abstract

There are many evidence-based methods to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. This review describes recent updates on the prevention of HIV infection via sexual contact, mother-to-child transmission, and occupational exposure. The use of antiretroviral therapy to prevent HIV has been a major accomplishment. Successful strategies for preventing the sexual transmission of HIV include the implementation of treatment for prevention, pre-exposure prophylaxis, and microbicides. Mother-to-child HIV transmission can be minimized by screening and administering pre-, intra-, and postpartum prophylaxis. Adherence to universal precautions and post-exposure prophylaxis are effective preventive measures for occupational exposure. The implementation of prevention strategies based on scientific evidence should decrease the spread of this epidemic.

Keyword

HIV; Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; Prevention & control

MeSH Terms

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Anti-Infective Agents
HIV Infections*
HIV*
Mass Screening
Occupational Exposure
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
Postpartum Period
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
Universal Precautions
Anti-Infective Agents