J Korean Ophthalmol Soc.  2009 Oct;50(10):1555-1562. 10.3341/jkos.2009.50.10.1555.

Effect of Glutathione With Sea Tangle Extract on Prevention of Selenite-Induced Cataract Formation in Rats

• Kim ET
• Oh JH

• KMID: 2212775
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2009.50.10.1555

Abstract

PURPOSE
To evaluate antioxidative and preventive effects of sea tangle extract on selenite-induced cataract formation.
METHODS
Eighty SD rat pups were randomized into 8 groups. Group 1 received no injection of reagent (normal); Group 2 to 8 received injection of selenite (15 micromol/Kg, s.c.) was injected. In group 2 (control) and group 3, normal saline (i.p.) and ascorbic acid (i.p.) was injected on days 3~31. In groups 4~8, sea tangle extract (i.p.) was injected at a concentration of 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg, respectively. Development of cataract was assessed and photographed weekly under slit lamp. Rat lenses were analyzed for antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde. Furthermore, an amino acid analysis of sea tangle extract was performed.
RESULTS
Significant differences (p<0.05) were seen in cataract development in group 7. Dense nuclear cataracts developed in 8 of 10 of the control group (group 2); Group 4~8 developed nuclear cataract with proportion of 6/10, 3/10, 2/10, 1/10, and 6/10 rats. In sea tangle injected group, levels of GPx were higher than in the ascorbic acid and control groups. In particular, group 7, injected with 100 mg/kg of sea tangle extract, showed significantly high level of enzyme. Results of the amino acid analysis showed sea tangle includes glutamate-glycine-cysteine, major constituents of glutathione (GSH).
CONCLUSIONS
The glutamate-glycine-cysteine in sea tangle is supposed to increase the level of lens GSH and this may contribute to lowering cataract development. This study strongly supports the activity of sea tangle as an endogenous antioxidant and anticataract agent.

Keyword

Antioxidants; Cataract; Glutathione; Laminaria japonica (Sea tangle)

MeSH Terms

Animals
Antioxidants
Ascorbic Acid
Cataract
Glutathione
Glutathione Peroxidase
Malondialdehyde
Rats
Sodium Selenite
Superoxide Dismutase
Antioxidants
Ascorbic Acid
Glutathione
Glutathione Peroxidase
Malondialdehyde
Sodium Selenite
Superoxide Dismutase

Figure

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  Figure 1. Development selenite-induced cataract on the 4th day after sodium selenite injection. (A) External photograph of cataract development (B) Slit lamp photograph of cataract development. The central dense nuclerosclerosis cataract was found after sodium selenite injection.

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  Figure 2. Slit lamp photograph of group 2 (control group) at the final follow-up (3 weeks after sodium selenite injection). Eight of 10 rats developed central nuclear cataract.

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  Figure 3. Slit lamp photograph of group 7 (sea tangle extract 100 mg/kg injected) at the final follow-up (3 weeks after sodium selenite injection,). One of 10 rats developed central nuclear cataract as seen in the two top photographs and remaining 9 rats kept clear lenses as seen in the two bottom photographs.

Reference

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