Clinical effects of combination anorganic bovine-derived hydroxyapatite matrix(ABM)/cell binding peptide (P-15) in periodontal intrabony defects

Won, Mi Sook; Paik, Jeong Won; Kim, Chang Sung; Cho, Kyoo Sung; Chai, Jung Kiu; Kim, Chong Kwan; Choi, Seong Ho

Abstract

The ultimate goal of periodontal theraphy is the regeneration of periodontal tissue which has been lost due to destructive periodontal disease. To achieve periodontal regeneration, various kinds of methods have been investigated and developed, including guided tissue regeneration and bone graft. Bone graft can be catagorized into autografts, allografts, xenografts, bone substitutes. And materials of all types have different biological activity and the capacity for periodontal regeneration, but ideal graft material has not been developed that fits all the requirement of ideal bone graft material. Intensive research is underway to identity, purify, synthesize a variety biologic modulators that may enhance wound healing and regeneration of lost tissues in periodontal therapy. The present study evaluates the effects of ABM/P-15 on the periodontal regeneration in intrabony defects of human. We used thirty four 2-wall or 3-wall osseous defects in premolars and molars of chronic periodontitis patient that have more than 5mm pockets and more than 3mm in intrabony defect. 12 negative control group underwent flap procedure only, 11 positive control group received DFDBA graft with flap procedure, and 11 experimental group received ABM/P-15 graft with flap procedure. The changes of probing pocket depth, loss of attachment and bone probing depth following 6months after treatment revealed the following results: 1. The changes of probing pocket depth showed a statistically significant decrease between after scaling and 6months after treatment in negative control(2.0+/-0.9mm), positive control(3.0+/-0.9mm), and experimental group (3.4+/-1.5mm) (P<0.01). Significantly more reduction was seen in experimental group compared to negative control group (P<0.05). 2. The changes of loss of attachment showed a statistically significant decrease between after scaling and 6months after treatment in positive control(2.0+/-0.6mm), and experimental group (2.2+/-1.0mm) except negative control group(0.1+/-0.7mm) (P<0.01). Significantly more reduction was seen in both experimental and positive control group compared to negative control group (P<0.05). 3. The changes of bone probing depth showed a statistically significant decrease between after scaling and 6months after treatment in positive control(2.7+/-1.0mm), and experimental group (3.4+/-1.3mm) except negative control(0.1+/-0.9mm) (P<0.01). Significantly more reduction was seen in both experimental and positive control group compared to negative control group (P<0.05). The results suggest that the use of ABM/P-15 in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects can reduce loss of attachment and bone probing depth more than flap operation only. It suggests that ABM/P-15 may be an effective bone graft material for the regeneration of periodontal tissue in intrabony defects.