J Korean Med Assoc.  2008 Sep;51(9):818-822. 10.5124/jkma.2008.51.9.818.

The Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

• Kim DM

• KMID: 2185960
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2008.51.9.818

Abstract

The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing rapidly worldwide, primarily because of increases in obesity and decreases in physical activity. Type 2 diabetes is one of the leading problems for the health-care system. In South Korea type 2 diabetes affects approximately 7~8% of adults. Some risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus such as overweight, nutritional imbalance, and a sedentary lifestyle are reversible. To prevent type 2 diabetes two approaches are usually adopted. One is population strategy that is aimed at preventing obesity, and the other is high-risk strategy to prevent and delay the development of type 2 diabetes in high risk groups. Prevention of type 2 diabetes is backed by many research evidences like Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (Finnish DPS) and Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) of USA. In this article I discuss the results of Finnish DPS and DPP, and to propose the prevention strategy in South Korea.

Keyword

Type 2 diabetes; Prevention; Physical activity; Diet

MeSH Terms

Adult
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Diet
Humans
Incidence
Motor Activity
Obesity
Overweight
Republic of Korea
Risk Factors
Sedentary Lifestyle

Reference

1. Prevention of diabetes mellitus: report of a WHO study group (WHO technical report series; 844). 1994. World Health Organization.

2. Finnish Diabetes Association 2003. Programme for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in Finland 2003~2010. 2003. Jyvaskyla, Finland: Gummerus Printing;29–53.

3. WPDD committee. Plan of action for the Western Pacific Declaration on Diabetes 2000~2005. 2001. Manila: World Health Organization Western Pacific Regional Office.

4. WPDD committee. Report of plan of action for the Western Pacific Declaration on Diabetes 2000~2005. 2006. Manila: World Health Organization Western Pacific Regional Office.

5. Kim DM. Prevention of diabetes mellitus-including review of Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study and Diabetes Prevention Program. J Korean Diabetes Assoc. 2001. 25:251–258.

6. King H, Dowd JE. Primary prevention of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia. 1990. 33:3–8.

7. Standards of medical care in diabetes - 2008. Diabetes Care. 2008. 31(S1):S12–S54.

8. Folsom AR, Kushi LH, Hong CP. Physical activity and incident diabetes mellitus in postmenopausal women. Am J Public Health. 2000. 90:134–138.

9. Hu FB, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Colditz G, Liu S, Solomon CG, Willett WC. Diet, lifestyle, and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in women. N Engl J Med. 2001. 345:790–797.

10. Manson JE, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Krolewski AS, Rosner B, Hennekens CH, Speizer FE. Physical activity and incidence of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in women. Lancet. 1991. 338:774–778.

11. Salmerón J, Ascherio A, Rimm EB, Colditz GA, Spiegelman D, Jenkins DJ, Stampfer MJ, Wing AL, Willett WC. Dietary fiber, glycemic load, and risk of NIDDM in men. Diabetes Care. 1997. 20:545–550.

12. Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, Hamman RF, Lachin JM, Walker EA, Nathan DM. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002. 346:393–403.

13. Tuomilehto J, Lindström J, Eriksson JG, Valle TT, Hämäläinen H, Ilanne-Parikka P, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Laakso M, Louheranta A, Rastas M, Salminen V, Uusitupa M. Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study Group. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med. 2001. 344:1343–1350.

14. Ferrannini E. Insulin resistance versus insulin deficiency in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: problems and prospects. Endocr Rev. 1998. 19:477–490.

15. Wannamethee SG, Shaper AG. Weight change and duration of overweight and obesity in the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1999. 22:1266–1272.