Child Kidney Dis.  2015 Oct;19(2):159-166. 10.3339/chikd.2015.19.2.159.

Hyponatremia May Reflect Severe Inflammation in Children with Kawasaki Disease

• Lee IR
• Park SJ
• Oh JY
• Jang GC
• Kim U
• Shin JI
• Kim KH

• KMID: 2168418
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3339/chikd.2015.19.2.159

Abstract

PURPOSE
The aim of the present study was to investigate the risk factors for the development of coronary artery lesions (CALs) and to determine whether hyponatremia is associated with CALs in children with Kawasaki disease (KD).
METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed the data of 105 children with KD who were admitted to Ilsan Hospital between January 2000 and July 2011.
RESULTS
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P = 0.013), total bilirubin levels (P = 0.017) were higher and serum sodium levels (P = 0.027) were lower in KD children with CALs than those without. White blood cell (WBC) counts (P = 0.006), neutrophil counts (P = 0.003) were higher and albumin levels (P = 0.009) were lower in KD children with hyponatremia than those without. On multiple logistic regression analysis, hyponatremia (P = 0.024) and intravenous immunoglobulin??resistance (P = 0.024) were independent risk factors for CALs in KD. Furthermore, serum sodium levels were correlated negatively with WBC counts (P = 0.004), neutrophil counts (P < 0.001), total bilirubin levels (P = 0.005) and positively with albumin levels (P = 0.009).
CONCLUSION
Our study indicates that hyponatremia may reflect severe inflammation in children with KD.

Keyword

Kawasaki disease; hyponatremia; inflammation; cardiovascular abnormalities

MeSH Terms

Bilirubin
Blood Sedimentation
Cardiovascular Abnormalities
Child*
Coronary Vessels
Humans
Hyponatremia*
Inflammation*
Leukocytes
Logistic Models
Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*
Neutrophils
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Sodium
Bilirubin
Sodium