J Periodontal Implant Sci.  2016 Apr;46(2):84-95. 10.5051/jpis.2016.46.2.84.

Assessment of MMP-1, MMP-8 and TIMP-2 in experimental periodontitis treated with kaempferol

• Balli U
• Cetinkaya
• Keles GC
• Keles ZP
• Guler S
• Sogut MU
• Erisgin Z

• KMID: 2161985
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2016.46.2.84

Abstract

PURPOSE
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a dietary flavonoid, kaempferol, which has been shown to possess antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidant activities on the periodontium by histomorphometric analysis and on gingival tissue matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), MMP-8, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) by biochemical analysis of rats after experimental periodontitis induction.
METHODS
Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups of ten rats each, and silk ligatures were placed around the cervical area of the mandibular first molars for 15 days, except in the healthy control rats. In the experimental periodontitis groups, systemic kaempferol (10 mg/kg/2d) and saline were administered by oral gavage at two different periods (with and without the presence of dental biofilm) to all rats except for the ten non-medicated rats. Alveolar bone area, alveolar bone level, and attachment level were determined by histomorphometric analysis, and gingival tissue levels of MMP-1, MMP-8, and TIMP-2 were detected by biochemical analysis.
RESULTS
Significantly greater bone area and significantly less alveolar bone and attachment loss were observed in the kaempferol application groups compared to the control groups (P<0.05). In addition, gingival tissue MMP-1 and -8 levels were significantly lower in the kaempferol application groups compared to the control groups and the periodontitis group (P<0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in TIMP-2 levels between the kaempferol and saline application groups (P>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Kaempferol application may be useful in decreasing alveolar bone resorption, attachment loss, and MMP-1 and -8 production in experimental periodontitis.

Keyword

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Histology; Kaempferol; Periodontal disease; Rats

MeSH Terms

Animals
Bone Resorption
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Ligation
Matrix Metalloproteinase 1
Molar
Periodontal Diseases
Periodontitis*
Periodontium
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Silk
Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2*
Matrix Metalloproteinase 1
Silk
Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2

Figure

• 

  Figure 1 (A) The measurement of the furcation area for histomorphometric analysis (H&E, 4×), (B) The measurement of alveolar bone area in furcation for histomorphometric analysis (H&E, 4×), (C) Histometric measurement of alveolar bone and attachment loss (H&E, 4×). CEJ, cemento-enamel junction; CTA, connective tissue attachment; AC, alveolar crest.

• 

  Figure 2 (A) The sections from the mesio-distal aspects throughout the mandibular first molars in CTRL (H&E, 4×), (B) The sections from the mesio-distal aspects throughout the mandibular first molars in EXP PER. (H&E, 4×), (C) The sections from the mesio-distal aspects throughout the mandibular first molars and the reference areas for histomorphometric analysis in SLN/Lig- (H&E, 4×), (D) The sections from the mesio-distal aspects throughout the mandibular first molars and the reference areas for histomorphometric analysis in KMP/Lig- (H&E, 4×), (E) The sections from the mesio-distal aspects throughout the mandibular first molars and the reference areas for histomorphometric analysis in SLN/Lig+ (H&E, 4×), (F) The sections from the mesio-distal aspects throughout the mandibular first molars and the reference areas for histomorphometric analysis in KMP/Lig+ (H&E, 4×). CTRL, healthy control group; CEJ, cemento-enamel junction; CTA, connective tissue attachment; AC, alveolar crest; EXP PER, experimental periodontitis group; SLN, saline; Lig-, ligature was removed 15 days after ligature insertion; KMP, kaempferol; Lig+, ligature was kept in position during all experimental procedures.

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