The Clinical study of Lung Cancer in Patients Younger than 40 Years of Age

Kim, Geun Hwa; Park, Hee Sun; Kim, Myeng Hoon; Kang, Dong Won; Lee, Gyu Seung; Ko, Dong Seok; Seo, Jae Cheol; Jeong, Seong Su; Kim, Ju Ock; Kim, Sun Young

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Bronchogenic carcinoma is generally considered as a disease that predominantly affects middle-aged and elderly men. A small percentage of patients with lung cancer are diagnosed in the third or fourth decade of life or earlier. The current study was performed to review the clinical characteristics of bronchogenic carcinoma in patients younger than 40 years of age at Chungnam National University Hospital. METHOD: To determine the clinicopathologic characteristics including survival rates of lung cancer patients younger than 40 years of age and to compare them with those of patients older than 40 years of age at diagnosis, data of 905 patients diagnosed as lung cancer from January 1990 to March 1997 were analyzed. RESULT: Twenty-three of 805 patients(2.5%) belonged to the young age group (less than 40 years). Male to female ratios of young age group and control group were 2.8 : 1 and 5.3 : 1, respectively. The mean duration of symptoms from onset to the definite diagnosis was 3.2 months in the young age group. The most common initial symptoms in the young age group were cough(52.2%) and dyspnea(43.5%). Adenocarcinoma(43.5%) was more frequent in the young age group than in the control group(20.1%). Stage III and IV(70%) tumors were more frequent in the young age group than in the control group(52.3%). Distant metastasis rae of the young age group(56.6%) was higher than that of the control group(22.3%).
CONCLUSION
The predominance of adenocarcinoma, the lower male-female ratio, and the high incidence of advanced stage tumor at diagnosis are the characteristics of lung cancer in patients younger than 40 years of age.