Two Cases of Gitelman's Syndrome Diagnosed by Renal Clearance Study

Ki, Ju Young; Kim, Hye Young; Im, Jung Muk; Oh, Kwang Sik; Park, Young Sun; Kwon, Sun Gil; Shin, Jung Sung; Kim, Mi Sung; Ji, Jung Hun; Earm, Jae Ho

Abstract

We have experienced two patients who had hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis as well as hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria with elevated plasma renin activity. We have performed renal clearance study after water loading, administration of furosemide and thiazide in two patients and two normal controls. Maximal free water clearance per 100 mL glomerular filtration rate(CH2O) and distal fractional chloride reabsorption[CH2O/(CH2O+CCl)] in our patients were reduced than the controls. Chloride clearance(CCl) was increased after furosemide administration but not after thiazide administration. Distal fractional chloride reabsorption[CH2O/(CH2O+CCl)] was dramatically decreased by furosemide administration in our patients, whereas thiazide had little effect on it. Fractional excretion of sodium, chloride, magnesium, calcium was increased by furosemide administration, whereas thiazide administration had little effect on this parameters. These findings suggested the presence of a defect in the distal convoluted tubule rather than in the thick ascending loop of Henle. Herein, we report two cases of Gitelman's syndrome diagnosed by renal clearace study after water loading, administration of furosemide and thiazide.