Korean J Occup Environ Med.  1999 Dec;11(4):569-578.

The Influence of Smoking, Alcohol Ingestion, and Physical Activity on Copper, Zinc and Ceruloplasmin in Blood of Male Adults

• Park JW
• Kang EY
• Shin IC
• Choi BS
• Park JD
• Chang IW
• Hong YP

Abstract

Objective
: To investigate the influence of smoking, alcohol ingestion, and physical activity on copper and zinc in RBC and serum and serum ceruloplasmin, this study was performed in a cross-sectional study in 113 healthy men aged 20 to 40 years who had no symptomatic liver, heart, gastrointestinal, and other chronic diseases.
METHODS
At the men's entry into the study, blood samples were drawn from each subject and immediately centrifuged for analysis of copper, zinc, iron, ceruloplasmin, total cholesterol, and hematocrit. Each man completed a questionnaire that provided information on smoking, amount of alcohol intake, and physical activity. Partial regres sion analysis was performed on confounding variables such as age, body mass index, hematocrit, serum cholesterol, and serum iron.
RESULTS
In general linear models, adjustment for confounding variables did not show statistical differences, and there was only an increasing tendency in serum copper in heavy smoker (P=0.0678). There was no difference between high physical activity with mild smokers and lower physical activfty with, heavy smokers.
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggested that copper, zinc and eeruloplasmin were not good biomarker for early effect by smoking, alcohol intake and physical activity in young adult. However, selection bias should be considered in evaluation of this result, and a large prospective study will be needed in advance on usefulness of copper, zinc and ceruloplasmin as a marker for risk factors and early change of atherosclerosis.

Keyword

Alcohol intake; Ceruloplasmin; Copper; Zinc; Smoking; Physical activity

MeSH Terms

Adult*
Atherosclerosis
Body Mass Index
Ceruloplasmin*
Cholesterol
Chronic Disease
Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)
Copper*
Cross-Sectional Studies
Eating*
Heart
Hematocrit
Humans
Iron
Linear Models
Liver
Male*
Motor Activity*
Questionnaires
Risk Factors
Selection Bias
Smoke*
Smoking*
Young Adult
Zinc*
Ceruloplasmin
Cholesterol
Copper
Iron
Smoke
Zinc