Establishment of the Heart Failure Model by Coronary Artery Ligation in Sheep

Na, Chan Young; Hong, Jang Soo; Park, Jeong Jun; Kim, Won Kon; Kang, Moon Chul; Seo, Jeong Wook

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Despite the relatively high mortality rates in the chronic heart failure model induced by coronary artery ligation are relatively high, this model has been a subject of continuos research because of its clinical correlation. Chronic heart failure model of large-sized animals is very useful to analyse mechanical or biological effects on circulatory system which is difficult in small-sized animals. The purpose of this study is to establish the heart failure model by coronary artery ligation in sheep. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Among 9 Corridale sheep, the homonymous artery and the diagonal branch were ligated simultaneously in 2 sheep and remaining 7 sheep were assigned to successive ligation of both arteries at an interval of 1 hour. Both coronary arteries were ligated from the point 40% proximal to the apex of the heart. Hemodynamic and echocardiographic parameters were analyzed before the ligation of the coronary artery, after the ligation of the homonymous artery, and after additional ligation of the diagonal branch. The experimental animals were sacrificed after 2 or 3 months of growth and histopathologic studies were performed RESULT: Immediate postoperative death occurred in the 2 sheep that had received simultaneous ligation of the homonymous artery and diagonal branch. On the other hand, all the 7 sheep that were ligated in succession were survived up to 3 months. Arterial pressure was significantly decreased immediately after ligation of the homonymous artery(p<0.05), and the cardiac output was decreased and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was increased after further ligation of the diagonal branch(p<0.05). Central venous pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and end-systolic dimension were markedly increased 3 months after ligation of coronary arteries. Anteroseptal akinesia or dyskinesia was developed after the ligation of coronary arteries. Histopathologic study revealed well-demarcated ischemic area of fibrosis.
CONCLUSION
Using methods of successive ligation of the homonymous artery and diagonal branch, chronic heart failure model could be reliably established in sheep.