Electrolyte Blood Press.  2007 Dec;5(2):140-146. 10.5049/EBP.2007.5.2.140.

Long-term Follow up of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Patients with Hyponatremia

• Song JH
• Lee KH
• Kim SD
• Cho BS

• KMID: 2052298
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5049/EBP.2007.5.2.140

Abstract

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency is an autosomal recessive disease, which leads to cortisol and aldosterone deficiency and hyperandrogenism. Typical medical treatment includes oral glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid administration to suppress adrenal androgens and to compensate for adrenal steroid deficiencies. Usually, they have been managed with hydrocortisone (cortisone) and fludrocortisone (florinef). However, some patients stopped taking medicine without the doctor's consent. Among these patients, four cases of CAH patients showing the presence of hyponatremia as an initial electrolyte disorder were found with adrenal adenoma discovered by abdominal computerized tomography scan. Hypersecretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone may play a role in the development of adrenal tumor and chronic poor compliance to therapy appears to be associated with development of the tumor. Two cases were managed with adrenalectomy because of increasing adrenal tumor size and virilization. Whereas the other two cases did not increase in size and were observed without adrenalectomy. Therefore, it is important that patients with CAH maintain steroid medication to avoid the appearance of adrenal tumor.

MeSH Terms

Adenoma
Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital*
Adrenalectomy
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
Aldosterone
Androgens
Compliance
Fludrocortisone
Follow-Up Studies*
Humans
Hydrocortisone
Hyperandrogenism
Hyponatremia*
Steroid 21-Hydroxylase
Virilism
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
Aldosterone
Androgens
Fludrocortisone
Hydrocortisone
Steroid 21-Hydroxylase

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Abdominal computed tomography (CT) of case 1. A) Abdominal CT performed at the age of 18 years. Abdominal CT showed the presence of multiple bilateral adrenal masses. B) Abdominal CT performed at the age of 20 years. Abdominal CT showed that adrenal masses on both sides were increased in size.

• 

  Fig. 2 Abdominal computed tomography (CT) of case 2. Abdomimnal CT performed at the age of 11 years. Abdominal CT showed a 3.5×4.0 cm mass in the right adrenal gland.

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