Korean J Anesthesiol.  2011 Sep;61(3):195-200. 10.4097/kjae.2011.61.3.195.

Target-controlled infusion of remifentanil for conscious sedation during spinal anesthesia

• Byun SH
• Hwang DY
• Hong SW
• Kim SO

• KMID: 2031306
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2011.61.3.195

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to define the optimal target concentration of remifentanil which effectively achieves conscious sedation without significant vital sign changes and side effects during spinal anesthesia.
METHODS
Sixty patients underwent spinal anesthesia with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine (8-16 mg), and were infused with a target controlled infusion (TCI) of remifentanil at 1.0 ng/ml (group R10, n = 15), 2.0 ng/ml (group R20, n = 15), 3.0 ng/ml (group R30, n = 15), and 3.5 ng/ml (group R35, n = 15). Observer's assessment of alertness/sedation (OAA/S) scale, the bispectral index (BIS), anxiety levels and infusion rate of remifentanil were monitored during the operation.
RESULTS
OAA/S scale was significantly lower in groups R30 (3.96) and R35 (3.34) than groups R10 (4.31) and R20 (4.26). Incidence of intraoperative respiratory depression events, post operative nausea and vomiting were significantly higher in group R35 than the other groups. There were no significant differences in BIS, anxiety level and incidences of recall of the operative procedure among the groups.
CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that the TCI of remifentanil at 3.0 ng/ml produces an effective sedation and anti-anxiety effects without significant side effects during spinal anesthesia.

Keyword

Conscious sedation; Remifentanil; Spinal anesthesia; Target controlled Infusion

MeSH Terms

Anesthesia, Spinal
Anti-Anxiety Agents
Anxiety
Bupivacaine
Conscious Sedation
Humans
Incidence
Nausea
Piperidines
Respiratory Insufficiency
Surgical Procedures, Operative
Vital Signs
Vomiting
Anti-Anxiety Agents
Bupivacaine
Piperidines