Korean Circ J.  2005 Apr;35(4):328-334. 10.4070/kcj.2005.35.4.328.

Current Status of Prophylaxis for Endocarditis

• Ki HK
• Kim SH
• Sohn KM
• Wi YM
• Rhee JY
• Moon CS
• Oh WS
• Peck KR
• Jeon ES
• Lee NY
• Yeom JS
• Kim CK
• Son JS
• Kim YS
• Jung SI
• Jang HH
• Kim SW
• Lee H
• Song JH

• KMID: 2029737
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2005.35.4.328

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis is required before high-risk procedures in patient with high-risk heart diseases. Although guidelines for the prevention of infective endocarditis were proposed by the American Heart Association in 1997, compliance to these recommendations has not been evaluated in Korea.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
This was a retrospective, multicentered study in 8 Korean university hospitals. Patients with high-risk heart diseases, having undergone invasive dental procedures between Jan. 1, 2000 and Dec. 31, 2003, were enrolled. The medical and dental records of the patients were reviewed to evaluate whether the prophylaxis had been appropriate.
RESULTS
Of the initial 4,912 patients, 184 that had been treated with invasive dental procedures (255 total episodes, mean 1.4/patient) were evaluated. The most common high-risk heart disease was a prosthetic heart valve (233 procedures), followed by a previous history of infective endocarditis (22 procedures), cyanotic heart diseases (5 procedures) and systemic pulmonic venous shunts (2 procedures). Antibiotic prophylaxis was performed in 231 procedures (90.8%). Amoxicillin was the most common antibiotic used for prophylaxis (88.6%); however, the adequate dosage (2 gm) was administered in only 56% of these cases. Therefore, the appropriate prophylaxis, according to the AHA recommendations, was performed in only 14.1% (36 procedures). The mean duration of prophylaxis and number of antibiotic doses were 2.40 days (2.40+/-2.44) and 7.97 doses (7.97+/-7.18), respectively. A previous history of infective endocarditis (p=0.03) and dental extraction (p<0.01) resulted in a longer duration of prophylaxis.
CONCLUSION
Only 14.1% of the high risk group procedures were given appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis according to the AHA recommendations. These data suggest that protocol-based education of both doctors and patients is required for appropriate antimicrobial therapy during high-risk procedures for the prevention of infective endocarditis in patients with high-risk heart disease.

Keyword

Endocarditis; Antibiotic prophylaxis

MeSH Terms

American Heart Association
Amoxicillin
Antibiotic Prophylaxis
Compliance
Dental Records
Education
Endocarditis*
Heart Diseases
Heart Valves
Hospitals, University
Humans
Korea
Retrospective Studies
Amoxicillin