The change of lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity in placenta by the birth to placental weight ratio at birth

Kim, Ji Eun; Jin, Keon

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
The object of this study is to determine whether there is any association between birth to placenta weight ratio and oxidative stress. 34 pregnant women (who gave birth after 36 weeks of pregnancy by cesarean section without labor) were divided into three groups according to their birth to placenta weight ratio. The degree of lipid peroxidation in the placenta and the activity of superoxide dismutase which removes peroxide products were compared in three groups
METHODS
In the 34 women who gave birth through cesarean section before labor, we classified the patients to three groups ; the first group (n=13) women whose birth to placenta weight ratio was equal to or above 5.0. The second group (n=14) whose ratio was between 4.3 and 5.0. The third group (n=7) whose ratio was less than 4.3. We measured malondialdehyde (MDA) as a indicative marker of lipid peroxidation through a Thibarbituric Acid (TBA) method, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as a antioxidant defense system through a Bioxytech SOD-525 kit (OxisResearch, USA). Data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA test (SPSS for Windows 10.0) and students's t-test.
RESULTS
In a group consisting of preeclampsia and FGR, the birth to placenta weight ratio had no significant difference. The mean MDA concentration of group 1 was 7.38+/-6.6 nmole/mg protein, which was significantly lower than both mean of group 2 (17.39+/-12.54 nmole/ mg protein) and group 3 (19.89+/-8.69 nmole/mg protein), There were no significant differences between group 2 and 3. The MDA/SOD ratio of group 1 was 1.01+/-0.97, which was significantly lower than those of group 2 and 3, which were 2.79+/-2.92 and 3.29+/-2.18, respectively. However, there were no significant differences between group 2 and 3.
CONCLUSIONS
It is possible to assume that oxidative stress participates in the mechanism of decreased birth to placental weight ratio. Th decreased ratio is probably due to excessive lipid peroxides in placenta. To evaluate the association of birth to placental weight ratio with oxidative stress.