J Adv Prosthodont.  2011 Mar;3(1):25-32. 10.4047/jap.2011.3.1.25.

Risk assessment for clinical attachment loss of periodontal tissue in Korean adults

• Rheu GB
• Ji S
• Ryu JJ
• Lee JB
• Shin C
• Lee JY
• Huh JB
• Shin SW

• KMID: 1975111
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2011.3.1.25

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and extent of clinical attachment loss of periodontal tissue and to find out variables related to clinical attachment loss (CAL) in Korean adults older than 40 years of age.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Data were collected from 2,519 subjects who were part of a cohort study conducted in Ansan city by Korea University Medical School for Korean Genome project. Age, sex, smoking, drinking, fast glucose, blood pressure, obesity and total cholesterol levels were examined. The oral examination included probing pocket depth, gingival recession and CAL of Ramford's teeth. The severity of periodontitis was classified based on the mean value of CAL. The relationship between each risk factor and the severity of CAL was independently estimated using the chi-square test, the test or one-way ANOVA. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the significance of each factor in the periodontal disease.
RESULTS
The prevalences of clinical attachment between 1 and 3 mm, between 3 and < 5 mm, and > or = 5 mm were 80.27%, 16.75% and < 1%, respectively. Although the univariate analysis showed age, gender, smoking, fasting glucose, blood pressure and total cholesterol levels were significantly related to the severity of CAL, multiple regression analysis indicated that age (P < .0001), gender (P < .0001) and smoking (P < .05) were only significantly related.
CONCLUSION
Older age, male gender and smoking were significant risk factor for the increase of CAL, and these may be useful indicators of periodontitis high-risk groups.

Keyword

Korean; Periodontal attachment loss; Periodontitis; Epidemiology; Risk factor

MeSH Terms

Adult
Blood Glucose
Cholesterol
Cohort Studies
Diagnosis, Oral
Drinking
Fasting
Genome
Gingival Recession
Humans
Korea
Male
Obesity
Periodontal Attachment Loss
Periodontitis
Prevalence
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Schools, Medical
Smoke
Smoking
Tooth
Blood Glucose
Cholesterol
Smoke

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Correlations between degrees of CAL (mm) and risk factors. A: Age (ANOVA model: P = .0003). The difference in CAL was statistically significant between the patients aged 40 - 49 and those aged 50 - 59 years or those aged 60 - 69 years (Scheffé's method), B: Gender. The difference in CAL was statistically significant between both sexes (2-sample t test, P < .0001), C: Smoking (ANOVA model, P < .0001). The difference in CAL was statistically significant between never and past smokers and between never and current smokers (Scheffé's method), D: Drinking. ANOVA model, P < .0001). The difference in CAL was statistically significant between never/past and current drinkers (Scheffé's method), E: Glucose. (ANOVA model, P < .0001). The difference in CAL was statistically significant between the participants with a blood glucose level of ≥126 mg/dl and those with ≤109 mg/dl or those with 110 - 125 mg/dl (Scheffé's method): F, Blood pressure. (ANOVA model, P < .0003). The difference in CAL was statistically significant between the participants with a blood pressure of < 120/80 mm Hg and those with 120/80 -139/89 or those with ≥140/90 mm Hg (Scheffé's method). G. Obesity. The difference in CAL was not statistically significant between the 3 groups (Scheffé's method), H: Total-cholesterol. (ANOVA model, P < .0003). The difference in CAL was statistically significant between the participants with a blood total cholesterol level of < 130 mg/dl and those with 130 - 219 mg/dl or those with ≥ 220 mg/dl (Scheffé's method).

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