Brain Neurorehabil.  2014 Sep;7(2):147-150. 10.12786/bn.2014.7.2.147.

Trial of Metoclopramide on Oro-facial Dyskinesia Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case Report

• Kim SK
• Kim JY
• Kim HS

• KMID: 1797650
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.12786/bn.2014.7.2.147

Abstract

Oro-facial dyskinesia is characterized by involuntary repetitive movements of the tongue, lip, or jaw, which is known to be derived by variable causes. Pre- and post-synaptic dopamine receptor abnormalities by degenerative changes in the brain seem to be the key pathophysiology, but the exact mechanism still remained to be unknown. Metoclopramide can pass the blood-brain barrier, which is known for a selective presynaptic autoregulating dopamine D2 receptor antagonist in the brain, and is usually prescribed for dyspepsia, nausea and vomiting. In particular, it was also reported to improve the symptoms of diurnal bruxism after brain injury. With reviewing some of literatures, we present a case of 27 year old man with traumatic brain injury who showed improvement of oro-facial dyskinesia after taking oral metoclopramide.

Keyword

dopamine receptors; dyskinesias; metoclopramide

MeSH Terms

Blood-Brain Barrier
Brain
Brain Injuries*
Bruxism
Dyskinesias*
Dyspepsia
Jaw
Lip
Metoclopramide*
Nausea
Receptors, Dopamine
Receptors, Dopamine D2
Tongue
Vomiting
Metoclopramide
Receptors, Dopamine
Receptors, Dopamine D2

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Axial PET brain at 8 months from onset shows near total photon defect in the left hemisphere.

• 

  Fig. 2 FLAIR axial MRI at 9 months from the onset shows left hemisphere leukomalacia.

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