J Korean Acad Nurs.  2014 Apr;44(2):209-218. 10.4040/jkan.2014.44.2.209.

Development and Validity of Workplace Bullying in Nursing-Type Inventory (WPBN-TI)

• Lee Y
• Lee M

• KMID: 1791851
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.2.209

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to assess bullying of nurses, and test the validity and reliability of the instrument.
METHODS
The initial thirty items of WPBN-TI were identified through a review of the literature on types bullying related to nursing and in-depth interviews with 14 nurses who experienced bullying at work. Sixteen items were developed through 2 content validity tests by 9 experts and 10 nurses. The final WPBN-TI instrument was evaluated by 458 nurses from five general hospitals in the Incheon metropolitan area. SPSS 18.0 program was used to assess the instrument based on internal consistency reliability, construct validity, and criterion validity.
RESULTS
WPBN-TI consisted of 16 items with three distinct factors (verbal and nonverbal bullying, work-related bullying, and external threats), which explained 60.3% of the total variance. The convergent validity and determinant validity for WPBN-TI were 100.0%, 89.7%, respectively. Known-groups validity of WPBN-TI was proven through the mean difference between subjective perception of bullying. The satisfied criterion validity for WPBN-TI was more than .70. The reliability of WPBN-TI was Cronbach's alpha of .91.
CONCLUSIONS
WPBN-TI with high validity and reliability is suitable to determine types of bullying in nursing workplace.

Keyword

Workplace bullying; Nurses; Instrument development

MeSH Terms

Adult
*Bullying
Female
Humans
Male
Nursing Staff, Hospital/*psychology
Personality Inventory
*Program Development
*Program Evaluation
Questionnaires
Workplace