A Clinical Observation on Urinary Lithiasis

Ahn, Byung Ryul; Suh, Sung Taik

Abstract

A clinical study was made on 131 cases of urinary lithiasis among the total number of 5.017 out-patients during the 5 years from April 1961 to March 1966, and 100 urinary calculi, safely reserved during the same period in our Department, were analyzed by a chemical method. The results were as following: 1. The incidence of urinary calculi was 2.6 per cent male to female ratio being approximately 5.5:1. 2. Over half the cases of urinary calculi in the Kyungpuk district were found in the Taegu area. The seasonal incidence was common in summer. 3. The age of the patients ranged from 20 to 40 years in approximately two thirds of all cases. 4. The location of the urinary calculi was in the ureter in 46.6 per cent, kidney, bladder, and urethra in that order of frequency. 5. The most favored predirection of ureteral stone was lower third of ureter in approximately 47.5 per cent of all cases. 6. In a number of urinary calculi in each location 87.8 per cent was single, the most common size, below 0.4 cm, in its diameter, and weight, 0.5gm. below on 33 cases. 7. The clinical symptoms of upper urinary tract lithiasis showed flank pain in 92.1 per cent, hematuria 30.1 per cent, and generalized weakness 9.8 percent as well as in lower urinary tract, painful urination in 100 per cent, urinary frequency 38.1 percent and hematuria 35.9 per cent. 8. The microscopic hematuria showed in 88.5 per cent, the incidence of it was higher in lower urinary tract calculi, and pyuria was revealed in 26. 7 per cent. 9. Ureterolithotomy was performed on 29 cases among the 75 cases requiring surgical intervention. 10. The results of qualitative analysis of 100 urinary calculi showed a mixed type of calcium phosphate and calcium oxalate in 41 percent of the cases. The major component of urinary calculi was calcium phosphate-oxalate. 11. The relationship between chemical components of calculi and urinary tract shored calcium phosphate and calcium oxalate more in upper urinary tract, and calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate more in lower urinary tract.