Korean J Ophthalmol.  2011 Apr;25(2):121-127. 10.3341/kjo.2011.25.2.121.

A Comparison of 2-Octyl Cyanoacrylate Adhesives versus Conventional Suture Materials for Eyelid Wound Closure in Rabbits

• Ahn HB
• Shin DM
• Roh MS
• Jeung WJ
• Park WC
• Rho SH

• KMID: 1111874
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2011.25.2.121

Abstract

PURPOSE
To evaluate the clinical efficacy and histopathological tolerance of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate versus conventional suture materials for eyelid wound closure in rabbits.
METHODS
We performed an experimental study on 16 eyes of eight New Zealand albino rabbits. Eyelid incisions of 15 mm were done 4mm from the upper eyelid margin in both eyes. The eyes of the rabbits were divided into two groups: eyelid incisions of the right eye were closed by a 2-octyl cyanoacrylate adhesive (group A) and eyelid incisions of the left eye were closed by 7-0 nylon sutures (group B). At 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery, the rabbits were macroscopically examined and then sacrificed. The specimens of their eyelid tissues were stained by a hematoxylin and eosin stain and Masson-trichrome stain, and were observed under microscope.
RESULTS
Both eyelid surgical closure methods were found to be equally efficacious in fixing the eyelids of groups A and B, and their clinical efficacy was similar. Histopathological findings of the hematoxylin and eosin stain of group A showed less inflammatory infiltration than group B at 2 weeks. There were no significant histopathological differences between the two groups at 1, 4, and 8 weeks. The degree of fibrosis of the Masson-trichrome stain was similar between the two groups at 8 weeks.
CONCLUSIONS
The 2-octyl cyanoacrylate adhesive proved to be an effective eyelid closure method and was very well tolerated by the skin surface. 2-Octyl cyanoacrylate could be used as an alternative tissue adhesive for eyelid wound closure along with conventional suture materials.

Keyword

Eyelid wound closure; Octyl 2-cyanoacrylate

MeSH Terms

Animals
Blepharoplasty/*methods
Cyanoacrylates/*pharmacology
Disease Models, Animal
Eyelid Diseases/pathology/*surgery
Eyelids/*surgery
Rabbits
Suture Techniques/*instrumentation
*Sutures
Tissue Adhesives/*pharmacology
Treatment Outcome
Wound Healing

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Surgical technique. (A) A eyelid incision of approximately 15 mm was made. (B) The incision was blotted dry using cotton swabs. Subcutaneous tissue was dissected with the use of Wescott scissors. (C) In group A, a thin layer of 2-octylcyanoacrylate was applied along the edges of the incision. (D) In group B, 7-0 nylon sutures were used in the form of stitches that fixed the edges of the eyelid. Full-thickness biopsies including 2 mm above and below the the incision site were taken for blinded histopathological evaluation. In group A, full-thickness biopsies were also taken by the same method.

• 

  Fig. 2 Macroscopic aspect of specimens. Macroscopic aspect of specimens treated with 2-octylcyanoacrylate (A, 1 week; C, 2 weeks) and 7-0 nylon sutures (B, 1 week; D, 2 weeks).

• 

  Fig. 3 Histological findings of the incised eyelid (hematoxylin and eosin stain, ×200). (A) The eyelid at 1 week of group A exhibits mild to moderate acute inflammatory cell infiltration and mild to moderate fibroblastic proliferation. (B) The eyelid at 1 week of group B shows moderate acute inflammatory cell infiltration and mild to moderate fibroblastic proliferation and foreign body reaction. (C) The eyelid at 4 weeks of group A shows mild inflammatory cell infiltration. (D) The eyelid at 4 weeks of group B shows mild eosinophilic infiltration. (E) The eyelid at 8 weeks of group A shows nearly normalized morphology with very mild inflammatory cells and fibroblasts. (F) The eyelid at 8 weeks of group B shows mild foreign body inflammatory reaction with the presence of eosinophils.

• 

  Fig. 4 Histological findings of fibrosis (Masson-trichrome stain, ×100). (A) The eyelid at 1 week show nearly normalized fibrosis in group A. (B) The eyelid at 1 week show slightly edematous change in group B. The eyelid at 8 weeks show similar findings in group A (C) and group B (D). Mild fibrosis with deposition of collagen is seen.

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