J Vet Sci.  2006 Dec;7(4):361-368. 10.4142/jvs.2006.7.4.361.

Effects of DDA, CpG-ODN, and plasmid-encoded chicken IFN-gamma on protective immunity by a DNA vaccine against IBDV in chickens

• Roh HJ
• Sung HW
• Kwon HM

• KMID: 1089484
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2006.7.4.361

Abstract

This study examined the adjuvant effects of dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide (DDA), CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN), and chicken interferon-gamma (ChIFN-gamma) on a DNA vaccine (pcDNA-VP243) against the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). A plasmid encoding chicken IFN-atilde was constructed. Twice at 2-week intervals, twoweek-old chickens were injected intramuscularly and intraperitoneally with either a DNA vaccine alone or a DNA vaccine together with the respective adjuvants. On week 2 after the second immunization, the chickens were orally challenged with the highly virulent IBDV. The groups that received the DNA vaccines plus either DDA or CpG-ODN showed significantly lower survival rates than the group that received the DNA vaccine alone. However, the survival rates for the DNA vaccine alone and for the DNA vaccine plus ChIFN-gamma were similar. The chickens had no detectable antibodies to the IBDV before the challenge but all the surviving chickens in all groups except for the normal control group showed the induction of antibodies to the IBDV at day 10 after the challenge. As judged by the lymphocyte proliferation assays using the a WST-8 solution performed on the peripheral blood and splenic lymphocytes, the stimulation indices (SI) of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in all groups except for the normal control group were similar immediately before the challenge. At 10 days post-challenge, the SI for DNA vaccine plus either CpG-ODN or ChIFN-gamma was similar to that of the DNA vaccine control group. For splenic lymphocytes, the SI in the DNA vaccine plus CpG-ODN and DNA vaccine plus ChIFN-gamma groups were higher than for the DNA vaccine control. These results suggest that DDA actually compromises the protection against the IBDV by DNA vaccine, and CpG-ODN and IFN-gamma had no significant effect.

Keyword

chicken IFN-gamma; CpG-ODN; DDA; DNA vaccine; infectious bursal disease virus

MeSH Terms

Adjuvants, Immunologic
Animals
Antibodies, Viral/blood
Birnaviridae Infections/*immunology/*prevention & control/virology
Bursa of Fabricius/immunology/virology
Cell Proliferation
Chickens
CpG Islands/immunology
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary
Immunization/methods/*veterinary
Infectious bursal disease virus/*immunology
Interferon-gamma/immunology/therapeutic use
Lymphocytes/cytology/immunology
Oligonucleotides/immunology
Poultry Diseases/immunology/*prevention & control/*virology
Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
Vaccines, DNA/immunology/therapeutic use
Viral Vaccines/*immunology/therapeutic use

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Colorimetric detection of SDS-PAGE analysis of a coupled in vitro transcription/translation reaction (Promega). Lane 1 = SDS-PAGE molecular weight standard, broad range (Invitrogen); Lane 2 = pcDNA-ChIFN-γ. The position of the interferon gamma protein is on the right side. The sizes of the marker proteins are indicated on the left.

• 

  Fig. 2 The size and morphology of the representative bursa of Fabricius recovered from the chickens with or without the DNA vaccine at day 10 post-challenge with the virulent IBDV SH/92 strain. At week 2 after the second vaccination, all the groups except for the normal control group were orally challenged with 1 × 104.8 ELD50 of the virulent IBDV SH/92 strain.

• 

  Fig. 3 The mitogenic responses of peripheral blood (A) and splenic (B) lymphocytes prepared from randomly selected chickens with or without DNA vaccines after the challenge with the virulent IBDV SH/92 strain. Within the same day, the values followed by the different lowercase superscripts are significantly different (p < 0.05). All the birds in the challenge control and DNA vaccine plus DDA groups died within 10 days after the challenge.

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