J Vet Sci.  2006 Jun;7(2):151-155. 10.4142/jvs.2006.7.2.151.

Influence of endotoxin induced fever on the pharmacokinetics of intramuscularly administered cefepime in rabbits

• Goudah A
• Mouneir SM
• Shim JH
• El-Aty AM

• KMID: 1059201
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2006.7.2.151

Abstract

This study examined the effect of experimentally induced fever on the pharmacokinetics of cefepime (75 mg/kg BW) administered intramuscularly to six rabbits. The study was carried out in two consecutive phases separated by a two-week washout period. An infection was induced by an intravenous inoculation of 5 x 10(8) colony-forming units of Escherichia coli 24 h before the pharmacokinetic investigation. A quantitative microbiological assay was employed to measure the plasma cefepime concentrations using an agar-gel diffusion method with Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 as the test organism. Twenty-four hour after the injection, the rectal temperature in the infected animals increased by 1degrees C. There was a significant reduction in the elimination halflife by 21.8% in the febrile rabbits compared to healthy animals. In addition, the infection significantly increased the peak plasma concentrations by 11.9%, the mean residence time by 19.9%, the area under the plasmaconcentration- time curve by 53.6% and the area under the moment curve by 62.3%. In conclusion, the endotoxin-induced febrile state produced significant changes in the plasma levels as well as some of the pharmacokinetic variables of cefepime in rabbits.

Keyword

cefepime; microbiological assay; pharmacokinetics; rabbits

MeSH Terms

Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents/*administration&dosage/blood/*pharmacokinetics
Area Under Curve
Cephalosporins/*administration&dosage/blood/*pharmacokinetics
Endotoxins/pharmacology
Escherichia coli Infections/drug therapy/physiopathology
Fever/chemically induced/*physiopathology
Half-Life
Injections, Intramuscular
Male
Rabbits

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