Korean J Geriatr Gerontol.  2023 Dec;24(3):89-92. 10.15656/kjcg.2023.24.3.89.

Pharmacological Treatment for Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Elderly

• Hwang HJ

• KMID: 2566359
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.15656/kjcg.2023.24.3.89

Abstract

The behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common in patients with dementia, and the term refers to symptoms manifested by behavioral disorders such as anxiety, agitation, and wandering or mental disorders that affect perception, thought, and emotion. In particular, the occurrence of BPSD has important implications. It increases the possibility of early admission to facilities, raises the cost of treating patients, lowers the quality of life of patients and their caregivers, including their families, and further deteriorates patients’ cognitive function. Indications of BPSD drug treatment are when a nonpharmacological approach fails, when a clinically dangerous situation occurs or is predicted (when there is risk of self-harm or other harm), or when definite psychosis occurs. In addition, cases that cause pain or danger to the patient or to other patients around them, families, medical staff, and caregivers are included. Drugs used to treat behavioral and psychological symptoms include antipsychotics, antidepressants, and sedative-hypnotics. Drugs for BPSD symptom control can cause side effects; however, if the indications for drug treatment are met, treatment to minimize pain and risk for patients, surrounding patients, family members, medical staff, and caregivers should not be withheld.

Keyword

Aged; Alzheimer disease; Behavioral symptoms; Dementia