Res Community Public Health Nurs.  2025 Mar;36(1):112-121. 10.12799/rcphn.2024.00815.

Comparison of Risk Factors and 30 day-in Hospital mortality of Community-Acquired Pneumonia with Elderly Patients and Adult Patients: Using Secondary Data from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

• Heo J
• Kim Y

• KMID: 2566313
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2024.00815

Abstract

Purpose
This study examines the factors influencing 30-day in-hospital mortality in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and compares them to those in adult patients.
Methods
This secondary analysis used discharge data from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, covering the period from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2022. Statistical methods included χ² tests, t-tests, the Cox proportional hazards model for calculating adjusted hazard ratios (HR), and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: The study found that older age (Adjusted HR=2.40, 95% CI=2.01-2.85, p<.001) and Emergency Room admissions (Adjusted HR=2.24, 95% CI=1.94-2.59, p<.001) are significantly associated with increased mortality in elderly patients. Other contributing factors include residency area (Adjusted HR=1.73, 95% CI=1.04-2.87, p=.035), hospital setting (Adjusted HR=1.34, 95% CI=1.05-1.70, p=.017), and the number of hospital beds (Adjusted HR=1.27, 95% CI=1.11-1.46, p=.001).
Conclusion
These findings underscore the importance of improving community health screenings and developing respiratory infection prevention programs for elderly patients, especially those in high-risk areas.

Keyword

Community-Acquired infections; Pneumonia; Hospital mortality; Secondary data analysis; 지역사회 획득 감염; 폐렴; 병원내 사망; 2차 자료분석