Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr.  2025 Mar;28(2):76-85. 10.5223/pghn.2025.28.2.76.

Pediatric Endoscopy in Asia Pacific: Report from the Asian Pan-Pacific Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition

• Darma A
• Arai K
• Wu Jf
• Ukarapol N
• Hagiwara Si
• Oh SH
• Treepongkaruna S
• Endoscopy Subcommittee of the Scientific Committee of the Asian Pan-Pacific Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (APPSPGHAN)  

• KMID: 2565859
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2025.28.2.76

Abstract

Purpose
Pediatric gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy significantly contributes to the diagnosis and management of GI diseases in children. Global data on pediatric GI endoscopy in the Asia-Pacific region are limited. We aimed to report the findings of a regional survey on pediatric endoscopy in the Asia-Pacific region.
Methods
A questionnaire-based survey involving GI endoscopy centers in 13 Asia-Pacific countries (June to November 2021). The questionnaires included annual procedure volumes (from basic diagnostics to advanced therapeutic endoscopy), endoscopists, sedation procedures, and national training programs.
Results
A total of 162 GI endoscopy centers completed the survey. All centers performed basic endoscopies (esophagogastroduodenoscopy and ileocolonoscopy); however, 45.1% and 59.1% of the centers performed less than 50 esophagogastroduodenoscopies and ileocolonoscopies per year, respectively. Small bowel evaluation (capsule endoscopy or balloon-assisted enteroscopy) was performed in 59.3% of the centers. Foreign body removal, polypectomy, and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy were performed in 89.5%, 85.8%, and 52.5% of centers, respectively. Endoscopic hemostatic interventions, which are lifesaving procedures, included glue injection (30.9%), hemostasis of nonvariceal bleeding (65.4%), and endoscopic variceal ligation (70.4%). Pediatric GI endoscopy is performed not only by pediatric gastroenterologists but also by adult gastroenterologists in 21–50% of centers for many kinds of procedures. Sedation was provided by anesthesiologists in 65.4% of the centers. Most centers offer both adult and pediatric endoscopy training.
Conclusion
The study highlights regional disparities in pediatric GI endoscopy services. It emphasizes the need for expanded pediatric GI training and improved access to therapeutic endoscopy, particularly for life-saving procedures.

Keyword

Pediatrics; Endoscopy; Child; Asia Pacific; Health care surveys