Clin Orthop Surg.  2025 Feb;17(1):91-99. 10.4055/cios23409.

Satisfactory Clinical Outcomes of Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Quadriceps Tendon-Patellar Bone Allograft

• Lee DW
• Lee S
• Ro DH
• Han HS

• KMID: 2564752
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4055/cios23409

Abstract

Background
Allografts are preferred in certain cases of revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions to avoid additional graft harvesting and to fill in enlarged tunnels. The clinical outcomes of quadriceps tendon-patellar bone allograft in revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction are not well-known. This study was performed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions using quadriceps tendon-patellar bone allografts.
Methods
Patients who underwent revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions with quadriceps tendon-patellar bone allografts with a minimum follow-up of 2 years were retrospectively reviewed. Their mean follow-up length was 33.5 ± 19.5 months. Outcomes including clinical scores (Lysholm, International Knee Documentation Committee [IKDC], Tegner scale, and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score [KOOS]), knee stability (physical examinations and knee arthrometer), return to sports, and any associated complications were assessed. Degrees of graft synovialization were also evaluated using arthroscopy.
Results
A total of 38 patients were reviewed and their age at the time of surgery and follow-up length were 37.2 ± 12.5 years (range, 17–66 years) and 2.8 ± 1.6 years, respectively. All clinical scores including KOOS, IKDC, Lysholm, and Tegner scale significantly improved at 2 years after surgery and 92.1% of the patients returned to sports. The mean preoperative side-to-side difference in knee arthrometer decreased from 4.5 ± 2.3 mm before surgery to 2.6 ± 1.5 mm after surgery (p < 0.001). Graft synovialization was observed in 13 of 16 patients (81.3%) who underwent second-look arthroscopy. Complication rate was 10.5% (n = 4). All complications were graft re-rupture and occurred at an average of 18 months after revision surgery.
Conclusions
Quadriceps tendon-patellar bone allograft showed satisfactory clinical outcomes in revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and thus could be a good alternative when autograft harvesting is not optimal.

Keyword

Anterior cruciate ligament; Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; Quadriceps muscle