Asian Spine J.  2024 Dec;18(6):794-802. 10.31616/asj.2024.0332.

Optimising deformity correction: a retrospective comparative analysis of two techniques in high magnitude curves in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

• Kulkarni AG
• Kumar P
• Yeshwanth T
• Gunjotikar S
• Goparaju P
• Adbalwad YM
• Chadalavada ARSS
• Umarani A
• Patil S

• KMID: 2562848
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.31616/asj.2024.0332

Abstract

Study Design: A retrospective comparative study. Purpose: To validate the hypothesis that a combination of multilevel Ponte osteotomy (PO) with intraoperative traction (IOT) results in a better correction than IOT alone in high-magnitude curves in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and does not possess an attributable risk of neurological injury. Overview of Literature: On a comprehensive review of the literature, the choice of technique adopted for curves between 65° and 100° remains controversial with no major consensus favoring one technique over the other.
Methods
Twenty-four patients with AIS (Cobb >65°) underwent surgery at a single center between January 2014 and December 2021. The first 10 patients underwent surgery using only IOT (T group), whereas the subsequent 14 patients underwent surgery with a combination of IOT and PO (TP group).
Results
The mean preoperative Cobb angles in the T and TP groups were 89.35°±6.05° and 92.32°±9.28°, respectively (p=0.59). The mean flexibility index (FI) of the T and TP groups were 0.31±0.016 and 0.36±0.03, respectively (p=0.41). The mean postoperative Cobb angle in the T and TP groups were 40.25°±5.95° and 19.1°±3.20°, respectively (p=0.041). Apical vertebral rotation improved from mean grade 3.2 (2–4) to grade 2.6 (1–3) in the T group and from mean grade 3.6 (2–4) to mean grade 1.8 (1–3) in the TP group. Postoperatively, the mean thoracic kyphosis was 13.84°±2.10° and 21.02°±1.68° in T and TP groups (p=0.044). Transient signal-loss intraoperatively was noted in two patients, one in each group. No episodes of postoperative neurological deficits were reported. No incidences of pseudarthrosis/implant-related complications were reported at the end of 2 years in either group.
Conclusions
IOT and PO complement one another and can be safely combined without an attributable risk of neurological injury.

Keyword

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Ponte osteotomy; Intraoperative traction; Flexibility index; Correction index