Anat Cell Biol.
2024 Dec;57(4):559-569. 10.5115/acb.24.117.
Platelet-rich plasma protects hippocampal neurons and memory functions in a rat model of vascular dementia
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
- 2Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
- 3Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
- 4Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
- KMID: 2562503
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.5115/acb.24.117
Abstract
- Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a promising biomaterial rich in bioactive growth factors, offering potential as a therapeutic agent for various diseases. However, its effectiveness in central nervous system disorders like vascular dementia (VaD) remains underexplored. This study investigated the potential of PRP to mitigate VaD progression in vivo. A rat model of VaD was established via bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and hypovolemia operation. Rats were randomly assigned to receive either PRP or platelet-poor plasma (PPP)—the latter being a byproduct of PRP preparation and used as a reference standard—resulting in the groups designated as ‘operated group (OP)+PRP’ and ‘OP+PPP’, respectively. PRP or PPP (500 μl) was administered intraperitoneally on the day of the operation and postoperative days 2, 4, 6, and 8. Cognitive function was assessed using the Y-maze, Barnes maze, and passive avoidance tests. On postoperative day 8, hippocampal samples were subjected to histological and semi-quantitative analyses. OP exhibited significant memory decline compared to controls, while the ‘OP+PRP’ group showed notable improvement. Histological analysis revealed increased neuronal loss and neuroinflammation in OP hippocampi, mitigated in ‘OP+PRP’. Semi-quantitative analysis showed decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) in OP, restored in ‘OP+PPP’ and further in ‘OP+PRP’. These results highlight PRP’s protective effects against VaD-induced hippocampal damage and cognitive impairment, partially attributed to BDNF/TrkB pathway upregulation.
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