J Korean Orthop Assoc.  2024 Oct;59(5):327-334. 10.4055/jkoa.2024.59.5.327 .

Current Update of Stem Cell Therapy Combined High Tibial Osteotomy in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

• Park YB
• Jeon JW

• KMID: 2560625
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4055/jkoa.2024.59.5.327

Abstract

High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is the established surgical treatment option for advanced knee osteoarthritis (OA) of the medial compartment, and various treatment options are being investigated continuously to improve the long-term follow-up clinical outcomes after HTO. Stem cell therapy for the regeneration of osteoarthritic cartilage defects has recently been investigated. Nevertheless, little is known about the concomitant use of stem cell therapy in HTO to treat medial compartmental OA of the knee. Representative comparative studies on stem cell therapy combined with HTO were examined in this review. The clinical outcomes improved after stem cell therapy combined with HTO, but there was limited evidence of better clinical outcomes compared to HTO without stem cell therapy. In cartilage regeneration, regardless of the cell type used, cell concentrates or culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cells allow significant cartilage regeneration. On the other hand, there is a report about the difference in cartilage repair based on cell type. Therefore, medium- and long-term follow-up evidence would be required for continued concomitant use of stem cell therapy in HTO to treat knee OA.

Keyword

knee; osteoarthritis; osteotomy; tibia; stem cells