J Korean Acad Oral Health.  2024 Sep;48(3):155-165. 10.11149/jkaoh.2024.48.3.155.

Review of domestic and international intervention studies to improve oral health in pregnant women

• Kwon JY
• Kim HJ
• Gu H
• Lim HJ

• KMID: 2559886
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.11149/jkaoh.2024.48.3.155

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to review domestic and international literature on oral health interven-tions for pregnant women and provide basic data for the development of oral health intervention programs.
Methods
We used domestic and international search databases, such as Medline, Embase, Re- search Information Sharing Service, Science On, Korea Citation Index, and DBpia. Among papers published between 2003 and 2023, 22 met the selection criteria by combining “pregnant women,” “oral hygiene,” and “oral health.”
Results
Since 2007, foreign literature has steadily increased; however, domestic literature has decreased. Overseas research designs were mostly randomized control trials, whereas domestic designs were mostly non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest. The intervention methods in-cluded three preventive programs, five specialized oral care programs, and 14 oral health education programs.
Conclusions
In-depth research should be conducted to increase the understanding and interest of pregnant women. Systematic intervention programs that consider the effectiveness and sus-tainability of intervention methods should be developed, and policy support should be provided to strengthen the importance of oral health education by experts and institutional improvements.

Keyword

Oral health; Oral hygiene; Pregnant women; Review literature as topic

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Flow diagram for data collection.

• 

  Fig. 2 Status of intervention studies for the pregnant women oral health by period.

Reference

References

1. Ha MJ. 2011. The effect of the oral education program on the dental hygiene awareness and practice of the pregnant women [master's thesis]. Inje University;Inje: [Korean].

2. Xie Y, Xiong X, Elkind-Hirsch KE, Pridjian G, Maney P, Delarosa RL, Buekens P. 2013; Change of periodontal disease status during and after pregnancy. J Periodontology. 84:725–73. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2012.120235. PMID: 22873653.

3. Lai PY, Seow WK, Tudehope DI, Rogers Y. 1997; Enamel hypoplasia and dental caries in very-low birthweight children: a case controlled, longitudinal study. Pediatr Dent. 19:42–9. PMID: 9048413.

4. Alvarez JO, Eguren JC, Caceda J, Navia JM. 1990; The effect of nutritional status on the age distribution of dental caries in the primary teeth. J Dent Res. 69:1564–6. DOI: 10.1177/00220345900690090501. PMID: 2398183.

5. Silk H, Douglass AB, Douglass JM, Silk L. 2008; Oral health during pregnancy. Am Fam Physician. 77:1139–1144. PMID: 18481562.

6. Jang KA, Kim KO, Lee SO. 2016; Comparing oral health care awareness and practice in pregnant women with and without oral health education experience. J Korean Soc Matern Child Health. 20:169–177. DOI: 10.21896/jksmch.2016.20.2.169.

7. Son JH, Kim SH, Bae SM. 2019; Case study on dental hygiene care program with the focus on non-surgical periodontal treatments with the maternal and child health center. J Korea Contents Assoc. 19:269–276.

8. Park JH, Lee KS. 2011; Comparison of oral care patterns before and during the pregnancy. J Dent Hyg Sci. 11:273–278.

9. Codato LAB, Nakama L, Melchior R. 2008; Percepcoes de gestantes sobre atencao odontologica durante a gravidez. Ciencia & Saude Coletiva. 13:1075–1080. DOI: 10.1590/S1413-81232008000300030.

10. Gambhir RS, Nirola A, Gupta T, Sekhon TS, Anand S. 2015; Oral health knowledge and awareness among pregnant women in India: a systematic review. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 19:612. DOI: 10.4103/0972-124X.162196. PMID: 26941509. PMCID: PMC4753703.

11. Lee JH. 2007. A Study about Relation between Dental Health Realization and Practice [master's thesis]. Dankook University;Cheonan: [Korean].

12. Kim MN, Lim DS, Kim MH, Kim AR, Kim SI, Ahn YS. 2015; Effect of health belief factor on oral health related behavior in pregnant woman. J Dent Hyg Sci. 15:129–137. DOI: 10.17135/jdhs.2015.15.2.129.

13. Ahn KS. 2020; The relations between oral health knowledge and practice in pregnant women according to childbirth experience. J Korea Converg Soc. 11:279–285.

14. Jang KA, Seong MG. 2008; A study on the behavior status and the knowledge regarding oral health of pregnant women. J Kor Soc Hygienic Sciences. 14:55–63.

15. Kim KO, Lee SK, Kang SA, Kim GY, Oh SH, Jaung SA, et al. 2016; A study of oral health knowledge for pregnant women. Korean J Women Health Nurs. 22:202–209. DOI: 10.4069/kjwhn.2016.22.4.202. PMID: 37684869.

16. Park MS, Kim JH. 2009; A study on awareness of dental treatment and oral health management during the period of pegnancy: focusing on women of childbearing ages and women of childbirth experience. J Dent Hyg Sci. 9:231–239.

17. Lee SJ, Choi GY. 2011; A study on the oral health behavior status and oral health awareness of pregnant women. JKAIS. 12:5049–5055. DOI: 10.5762/KAIS.2011.12.11.5049.

18. Park YN, Shim CS. 2008; A study on the awareness and practice of the pregnant women about oral health care. J Korean Soc Dent Hyg. 8:53–64.

19. Lee SO, Kang HK. 2011; Effect of pregnant women's oral health awareness and practice according to planned dental care experience before pregnancy. J Kor Data Anal Soc. 13:1267–1277.

20. Noh HJ, Choi CH, Sohn WS. 2008; Public health dentistry: the relationship between oral health behavior and frequency of oral health education in adolescent. J Korean Acad Oral Health. 32:203–213.

21. Vasiliauskien I, Milciuviene S, Bendoraitiene E, Narbutaite J, Slabsinskiene E, Andruskevicine V. 2007; Dynamics of pregnant women's oral health status during preventive programme. Stomatologija. 9:129–136. PMID: 18303278.

22. Park JH, Ahn SH, Gu HJ, Choi YH, Song KB. 2010; Inhibitory effects on colonization of Streptococcus mutans by eighteen months xylitol consumption. JKAIS. 11:375–382. DOI: 10.5762/KAIS.2010.11.1.375.

23. Park HJ, Lee HJ. 2018; Comparison of effects of oral health program and walking exercise program on health outcomes for pregnant women. J Korean Acad Nurs. 48:506–520. DOI: 10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.506. PMID: 30396189.

24. Cibulka NJ, Forney S, Goodwin K, Lazaroff P, Sarabia R. 2011; Improving oral health in low-income pregnant women with a nurse practitioner-directed oral care program. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 23:249–57. DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7599.2011.00606.x. PMID: 21518073.

25. Clifford H, Johnson NW, Brown C, Battistutta D. 2012; When can oral health education begin? Relative effectiveness of three oral health education strategies starting pre-partum. Community Dent Health. 29:162–167. PMID: 22779378.

26. Geisinger ML, Geurs NC, Bain JL, Kaur M, Vassilopoulos PJ, Cliver SP, et al. 2014; Oral health education and therapy reduces gingivitis during pregnancy. J Clin Periodontol. 41:141–8. DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12188. PMID: 24164645.

27. Kaur M, Geisinger ML, Geurs NC, Griffin R, Vassilopoulos PJ, Vermeulen L, et al. Effect of intensive oral hygiene regimen during pregnancy on periodontal health, cytokine levels, and pregnancy outcomes: a pilot study. 2014; J Periodontol. 85:1684–1692. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.140248. PMID: 25079400. PMCID: PMC4372244.

28. Bahri N, Tohidinik HR, Bahri N, Iliati HR, Moshki M, Darabi F. 2015; Educational intervention to improve oral health beliefs and behaviors during pregnancy: a randomized-controlled trial. J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 90:41–5. DOI: 10.1097/01.EPX.0000464139.06374.a4. PMID: 26154829.

29. Jiang H, Xiong X, Su Y, Peng J, Zhu X, Wang J, et al. 2016; Use of antiseptic mouthrinse during pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes: a randomised controlled clinical trial in rural China. BJOG. 123:39–47. DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14010. PMID: 27627596.

30. Khamis SA, Asimakopoulou K, Newton T, Daly B. 2017; The effect of dental health education on pregnant women's adherence with tooth-brushing and flossing; A randomized control trial. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 45:469–477. DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12311.

31. George A, Dahlen HG, Blinkhorn A, Ajwani S, Bhole S, Ellis S, et al. 2018; Evaluation of a midwifery initiated oral health-dental service program to improve oral health and birth outcomes for pregnant women: a multi-centre randomised controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud. 82:49–57. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.03.006. PMID: 29605753.

32. Ghaffari M, Rakhshanderou S, Safari-Moradabadi A, Torabi S. 2018; Oral and dental health care during pregnancy: evaluating a theory-driven intervention. Oral Dis. 24:1606–1614. DOI: 10.1111/odi.12928. PMID: 29949233.

33. Musskopf ML, Milanesi FC, Rocha JM, Fiorini T, Moreira CHC, Susin C. 2018; Oral health related quality of life among pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial. Braz Oral Res. 32:e002. DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0002. PMID: 29364329.

34. Liu P, Wen W, Yu KF, Gao X, Man Lo EC, Wong MM. 2020; Effectiveness of a family-centered behavioral and educational counselling approach to improve periodontal health of pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Oral Health. 20:284. DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01265-6. PMID: 33066773. PMCID: PMC7568358.

35. Saffari M, Sanaeinasab H, Mobini M, Sepandi M, Rashidi-Jahan H, Sehlo MG, et al. 2020; Effect of a health-education program using motivational interviewing on oral health behavior and self-efficacy in pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Oral Sci. 128:308–316. DOI: 10.1111/eos.12704. PMID: 32618034.

36. Yu KF, Wen W, Liu P, Gao X, Lo ECM, Wong MCM. 2022; Effectiveness of family-centered oral health promotion on toddler oral health in hong kong. J Dent Res. 101:286–294. DOI: 10.1177/00220345211036663. PMID: 34515552.

37. Wenqi H, Yijun W, Ruyu C, Tingting P. 2022; Application of a systematic oral health promotion model for pregnant women: a randomised controlled study. Oral Health Prev Dent. 20:413–419. DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.b3555989. PMID: 36346336.

38. Aboalshamat K, Alharbi J, Alharthi S, Alnifaee A, Alhusayni A, Alhazmi R. 2023; The effects of social media (snapchat) interventions on the knowledge of oral health during pregnancy among pregnant women in saudi arabia. PLoS On. 18:e0281908. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281908. PMID: 36795745. PMCID: PMC9934359.

39. Bashirian S, Barati M, Barati M, Shirahmadi S, Khazaei S, Jenabi E, et al. 2023; Promoting oral health behavior during pregnancy: a randomized controlled tria. J Res Health Sci. 23:e00584. DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2023.119. PMID: 37571955. PMCID: PMC10422136.

40. Geurs NC, Jeffcoat MK, Tanna N, Geisinger ML, Parry S, Biggio JR, et al. 2023; A randomized controlled clinical trial of prenatal oral hygiene education in pregnancy-associated gingivitis. J Midwifery Womens Health. 68:507–516. DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.13486. PMID: 37026567.

41. Parry S, Jeffcoat M, Reddy MS, Doyle MJ, Grender JM, Gerlach RW, et al. 2023; Evaluation of an advanced oral hygiene regimen on maternity outcomes in a randomized multicenter clinical trial (oral hygiene and maternity outcomes multicenter study). Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 5:100995. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2023.100995. PMID: 37127210.

42. Vamos CA, Thompson EL, Avendano M, Daley EM, Quinonez RB, Boggess K. 2015; Oral health promotion interventions during pregnancy: a systematic review. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 43:385–396. DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12167. PMID: 25959402.

43. Chang YS, Shin SC, Lee HJ, Kim EJ, Heo HY, Jee YJ, et al. 2006; Influence of feeding habits and maternal caries experience on children's dental caries incidence. J Korean Acad Oral Health. 30:67–74.

44. Choi HJ, Lee MS. 2014; A study of oral health-related quality of life in women of childbearing age in terms of psychosocial factors, oral health status, and use of dental care service. Korean public health research. 40:59–70.

45. Lee JY. 2013; Future directions of the integrated health promotion programs in health center. Korean J Health Educ Promot. 30:1–7. DOI: 10.14367/kjhep.2013.30.4.001.

46. Kim JS, Go FH, Kim CH. 2006; A study of oral hygiene satus for pregnant women in some areas. J Dent Hyg Sci. 6:101–105.

47. Lv S, Yu S, Chi R, Wang D. 2019; Effects of nutritional nursing intervention based on glycemic load for patient with gestational diabetes mellitus. Ginekol Pol. 90:46–49. DOI: 10.5603/GP.2019.0007. PMID: 30756370.