J Korean Med Assoc.  2024 Sep;67(9):579-584. 10.5124/jkma.2024.67.9.579.

Exercise for patients with low back pain

• Park JH

• KMID: 2559647
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2024.67.9.579

Abstract

Background
Low back pain (LBP) is a common symptom that imposes a significant socioeconomic burden. Appropriate exercises that enhance the recovery of anatomical structures using biomechanical methods and improve lumbar stability are recommended for patients with LBP. Therefore, clinicians should prescribe appropriate exercises to alleviate LBP, improve function, and prevent recurrence.
Current Concepts
Individualized and structured multimodal exercises (strengthening, aerobic, core stability exercises, and stretching) under the supervision of healthcare professionals are recommended for patients with LBP. It is preferable to focus on isometric trunk muscle exercises for strengthening, and strengthening the large muscles (back and gluteal muscles) attached to the thoracolumbar fascia is recommended rather than exercises that involve repeated extension and flexion of the trunk muscles. Individualized aerobic and core stability exercises are recommended, and stretching exercises focusing on extension movements are preferred. It is also important to educate patients regarding the etiology of LBP, harmful postures for LBP, and methods to maintain lumbar lordosis in daily life.
Discussion and Conclusion
An appropriate exercise prescription can contribute to better clinical outcomes in patients with LBP. Although exercise is important for recovery and prevention of recurrence, inappropriate exercise can potentially exacerbate LBP; therefore, careful consideration is required.

Keyword

Exercise; Low back pain; Resistance training; Muscle stretching exercises; Core stability; 운동; 요통; 점증저항운동; 이완운동; 자세운동