J Korean Med Assoc.  2024 Sep;67(9):573-578. 10.5124/jkma.2024.67.9.573.

Exercise for patients with arthritis

• Kim BS

• KMID: 2559646
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2024.67.9.573

Abstract

Background
Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are major causes of pain and disability globally, and exercise is known to be effective at alleviating symptoms and improving physical function.
Current Concepts
Knee osteoarthritis is a common degenerative disease, and comprehensive clinical practice guidelines have been established. Most studies strongly recommend appropriate weight management combined with exercise therapy. Aerobic, strength, resistance, isometric, neuromuscular, and balance training have been used. However, the current evidence is insufficient to recommend specific prescriptions regarding the exercise type and dose. Many guidelines group knee and hip osteoarthritis together for exercise recommendations. Evidence supporting the use of exercise for hand osteoarthritis is relatively scarce, and reports on its adverse effects are rare. Weight loss is not recommended for hand osteoarthritis, because its effectiveness has not yet been established. For patients with polyarticular osteoarthritis, exercise is recommended as a core treatment, with systematic land-based exercises being particularly advised. For rheumatoid arthritis, both general exercises and hydrotherapy are recommended to improve joint flexibility, muscle strength, and functional outcomes.
Discussion and Conclusion
Exercise is a powerful treatment tool for various types of arthritis. However, further research is required to develop more specific exercise intervention protocols.

Keyword

Arthritis; Osteoarthritis; Rheumatoid arthritis; Exercise; 관절염; 골관절염; 류마티스 관절염; 운동