J Periodontal Implant Sci.  2022 Jun;52(3):194-205. 10.5051/jpis.2103020151.

Long-term outcomes after periimplantitis treatment and their influencing factors: a retrospective study

• Lee SB
• Lee BA
• Choi SH
• Kim YT

• KMID: 2557702
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2103020151

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to determine the long-term outcomes after peri-implantitis treatment and the factors affecting these outcomes.
Methods
This study included 92 implants in 45 patients who had been treated for periimplantitis. Clinical data on the characteristics of patients and their implants were collected retrospectively. The change in the marginal bone level was calculated by comparing the baseline and the most recently obtained (≥3 years after treatment) radiographs. The primary outcome variable was progression of the disease after the treatment at the implant level, which was defined as further bone loss of >1.0 mm or implant removal. A 2-level binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the effects of possible factors on the primary outcome.
Results
The mean age of the patients was 58.7 years (range, 22–79 years). Progression of peri-implantitis was observed in 64.4% of patients and 63.0% of implants during an observation period of 6.4±2.7 years (mean±standard deviation). Multivariable regression analysis revealed that full compliance to recall visits (P=0.019), smoking (P=0.023), placement of 4 or more implants (P=0.022), and marginal bone loss ≥4 mm at baseline (P=0.027) significantly influenced the treatment outcome.
Conclusions
The long-term results of peri-implantitis treatment can be improved by full compliance on the part of patients, whereas it is impaired by smoking, placement of multiple implants, and severe bone loss at baseline. Encouraging patients to stop smoking and to receive supportive care is recommended before treatment.

Keyword

Dental implants; Peri-implantitis; Recurrence; Retrospective studies; Treatment outcome