J Korean Geriatr Psychiatry.
2024 Apr;28(1):16-23. 10.47825/jkgp.2024.28.1.16.
The Effect of Apolipoprotein E ε4 Genotype on the Medial Temporal Lobe Atrophy in Cognitively Impaired Patients With Amyloid Deposition: 2 Years Longitudinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
- Affiliations
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- 1Departments of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- 2Departments of Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- 3Departments of 3 Psychiatry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
- 4Departments of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- 5Departments of Radiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
- 6Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- 7Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
- 8Departments of Pathology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- 9Departments of Pathology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
- KMID: 2555750
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.47825/jkgp.2024.28.1.16
Abstract
Objective
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype is associated with risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the association of APOE ε4 allele with longitudinal medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) has been controversial. This study aims to evaluate the effect of APOE genotype on longitudinal MTA over a 2-year period in cognitively impaired patients with amyloid deposition.
Methods
This retrospective longitudinal study included 65 cognitively impaired subjects with amyloid deposition (subjective memory impairment, mild cognitive impairment, and mild AD). Participants were divided into carriers (n=27) and non-carriers (n=38) of the ε4 allele. The main outcome is longitudinal reduction of medial temporal lobe (hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and parahippocampal gyrus) over 2 years. Analysis of covariance was conducted to compare the differences in longitudinal MTA between groups, controlling for covariates.
Results
At baseline, hippocampal volume was 4.6% smaller (6.38±1.13 vs. 6.69±0.83, p=0.026) and entorhinal thickness was 6.4% thinner (3.51±0.57 vs. 3.75±0.52, p=0.033) in APOE ε4 carriers than non-carriers. Furthermore, APOE ε4 carriers had significantly 72% greater longitudinal hippocampal atrophy compared to non-carriers (-0.43±0.30 vs. -0.25±0.31, p=0.041).
Conclusion
Our findings of baseline or longitudinal MTA in APOE ε4 carriers suggest that APOE ε4 genotype may contrib-ute to underlying pathophysiology of medial temporal lobe in AD.
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