Nerve.  2024 Apr;10(1):31-38. 10.21129/nerve.2024.00556.

Incidence and Predictors of Kummell’s Disease in Patients with Benign Vertebral Compression Fractures

• Hong JJ
• Jwa C
• Kim JH
• Kang HI
• Bae IS
• Kwon H

• KMID: 2554760
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.21129/nerve.2024.00556

Abstract

Objective
Kummell's disease (KD) is a form of delayed vertebral compression fracture. However, its incidence and predictors remain unclear. We investigated the incidence rate and predictors of KD in patients with benign vertebral compression fractures.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 437 consecutive patients with benign vertebral compression fractures admitted to XXX between 2015 and 2018. The inclusion criterion was patients with newly diagnosed KD at ≥20 years of age. The control subjects had acute benign vertebral compression fractures. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to evaluate the predictors of KD.
Results
In total, 39 patients (8.9%) were newly diagnosed with KD, with an average age of 77.3 years. In older patients (≥70 years), the incidence was 12.8%. The incidence rate was highest in patients in their 70s. Most cases of KD (69.2%) occurred in the thoracolumbar region. Multivariate regression analysis showed that age ≥70 years (odds ratio [OR], 3.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–9.97; p=0.041) and a history of ischemic stroke (OR, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.26–6.74; p=0.012) were independently associated with KD.
Conclusion
KD appears to be relatively common, especially in older people (≥70 years). Older age and a history of ischemic stroke may be independent predictors of KD. This study also indicated that ischemic factors may play a more important role than mechanical factors in the development of KD from vertebral compression fractures.

Keyword

Compression fracture; Ischemic stroke; Osteonecrosis; Osteoporosis; Vertebral fracture