J Korean Med Assoc.  2023 Dec;66(12):735-740. 10.5124/jkma.2023.66.12.735.

Problems and improvements in the Medical Law’s excessive regulation of physicians in Korea

• Lee E
• Oh SH

• KMID: 2548960
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2023.66.12.735

Abstract

Background
The Medical Service Act was implemented to protect the public’s health, but has come to excessively restrict the fundamental rights of medical professionals. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically organize the level of physicians’ obligations and the sanction provisions present under the Medical Law.
Current Concepts
The Medical Law consists of 120 articles, 6 of which address physicians’ rights. However, the law also provides 72 reasons for physicians’ obligations and penalties, 40 reasons for the suspension of qualifications, 20 reasons for administrative fines, 30 reasons for corrective orders, and 17 reasons for the revocation of permission for establishment. Thus, the Medical Law provides medical professionals with approximately 150 reasons for obligations and sanctions.
Discussion and Conclusion
We would like to suggest some measures to improve the excessive regulation of physicians under the Medical Law. First, statistics on the status of penalties and administrative dispositions must be accumulated and disclosed; second, obligations, penalties, and administrative dispositions must be stipulated in one consolidated article; third, penalties should be avoided for simple violations of duty; fourth, reasons for administrative dispositions–such as enforcement ordinances of the Medical Law–must be elevated to the Medical Law itself; fifth, the authority for administrative dispositions against medical institutions must be unified under the Minister of Health and Welfare, the subject of duties and responsibilities must be clarified as the ‘establisher of a medical institution,’ rather than a ‘medical institution,’ and the adequate time required for when two types of administrative dispositions are made must be unified; and sixth, detailed information on the administrative disposition procedures must be newly established in the Medical Law.

Keyword

Physicians; Law; Government regulation; Human rights; Republic of Korea; 의사; 법률; 정부규제; 인권; 대한민국