J Nutr Health.  2023 Aug;56(4):377-390. 10.4163/jnh.2023.56.4.377.

Analysis of difference in body fluid composition and dietary intake between Korean adults with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus

• Kim YG
• Choi HN
• Yim JE

• KMID: 2545867
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2023.56.4.377

Abstract

Purpose
Diabetes mellitus (DM) causes body fluid imbalance because of hyperglycemia, but there is a lack of research on the relationship between DM and body fluid imbalance in the Korean population. This study compared the differences in body fluid composition and dietary intake between individuals with type 2 DM (T2DM) and a normal control (NC) group without the disease.
Methods
In this study, 36 subjects with T2DM and 21 without diabetes were divided into the T2DM and NC groups. The subjects were divided into four subgroups to assess differences in body fluid volume according to sex: men T2DM group (n = 24), men NC group (n = 9), women T2DM group (n = 12), and women NC group (n = 12). The body fluid composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis, including intracellular water (ICW), extracellular water (ECW), total body water (TBW), ECW/ICW, and ECW/TBW. Nutrient intake was evaluated using their dietary records.
Results
The results showed that the ECW/ICW and the ECW/TBW were significantly higher in the T2DM group compared to the NC group. Both men and women in the T2DM group showed significantly higher ECW/ICW and ECW/TBW than the respective NC group. The T2DM group had a higher carbohydrate, dietary fiber, vitamin A, vitamin C, sodium, and potassium intake per 1,000 kcal and lower total daily energy, fat, and cholesterol intake per 1,000 kcal than the NC group.
Conclusion
These results suggest a positive association between T2DM and body fluid imbalance. This study can be used widely as basic data for the evaluation and diagnosis of diabetic complications in the future.

Keyword

type 2 diabetes mellitus; body fluids; intracellular fluid; extracellular fluid; nutrient intake