Korean J Adult Nurs.
2023 Aug;35(3):264-272. 10.7475/kjan.2023.35.3.264.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Undernutrition among Older Adults Living in Nonsubsidized Residential Care Homes: A Cross-sectional Descriptive Study
- Affiliations
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- 1Associate Professor, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
- 2Research Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
- 3Research Assistant, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
- 4Assistant Professor, The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- 5Associate Professor, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
- 6Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
- 7Associate Dean (Research) & Professor, Centre Director of Integrative Health Centre, School of Nursing, Tung Wah College, HoManTin, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
- KMID: 2545840
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2023.35.3.264
Abstract
- Purpose
This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of undernutrition among older adults living in nonsubsidized Residential Care Homes (RCHs).
Methods
Face-to-face interviews and assessments were conducted in a convenience sample of 298 older adults (aged 65 years or older) residing in nonsubsidized RCHs in Hong Kong in January 2015. Subjects who ate by mouth (with or without assistance) and who had no communication barriers were included. We employed a descriptive cross-sectional study design according to the STROBE reporting guidelines. Data were collected on participants' demographics, history of chronic illness, physical function (assessed by the 10-item Simplified Barthel Index with the self-care ability and mobility subscales), cognitive function (assessed by the 10-item Abbreviated Mental Test), and nutritional status (assessed by the 18-item Mini Nutritional Assessment). After identifying the variables associated with undernutrition, hierarchical multivariate logistic regression was used to identify salient predictors.
Results
In total, 40.9% of participants had undernutrition, which was associated with a longer length of stay in RCHs and poorer physical and cognitive functions compared to adequate nutrition or being at risk of undernutrition. Hierarchical multivariate logistic regression showed that residents with better cognitive function (adjusted Odds Ratio [OR]=0.88) and self-care ability (adjusted OR=0.75) were at a lower risk of undernutrition.
Conclusion
Undernutrition is prevalent among residents in RCHs in Hong Kong and poses a significant risk of cognitive impairment and poor self-care skills. To lessen the likelihood and the consequences of undernutrition, RCHs must give special consideration to residents with these risk factors.
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