Pediatr Infect Vaccine.  2023 Apr;30(1):12-19. 10.14776/piv.2023.30.e6.

Prognostic Factors of Neonatal Sepsis Mortality in Developing Country

• Rasyida IA
• Pratama DC
• Chamida FM

• KMID: 2544419
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14776/piv.2023.30.e6

Abstract

Purpose
Sepsis is the most common cause of neonatal death accounting for 30–50% of mortality annually in developing countries. This study was to determine the prognostic factors of neonatal sepsis mortality.
Methods
A retrospective cohort was conducted in Dr. R. Sosodoro Djatikoesoemo Governor Hospital from April 2021 to September 2021 on 121 neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) diagnosed with sepsis. The inclusion criteria were neonates aged 0–28 days, admitted to the NICU, and diagnosed with sepsis. The exclusion criteria were incomplete data and the presence of congenital abnormalities. A χ² test was performed on the sex, gestational age, mode of delivery, birth weight, APGAR score, birthplace, and blood culture. A normality test was performed on leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, platelets, C-reactive protein (CRP), and length of stay. Then performed a Mann-Whitney test.
Results
Birth weight (P=0.038), gestational age (P=0.009), and blood culture (P=0.014) showed a significant relationship with the neonatal sepsis outcome while Mann-Whitney test showed significant differences in the platelets (P=0.018), CRP (P=0.002), and length of stay (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that 3 prognostic factors associated with neonatal sepsis mortality were prematurity (odds ratio [OR], 3.906; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.344–11.356; P=0.012), low birth weight (LBW, OR, 2.833; 95% CI, 1.030–7.790; P=0.044), and gram-negative bacteria (OR, 4.821; 95% CI, 1.018–22.842; P=0.047).
Conclusions
Prematurity, LBW, and gram-negative bacteria were associated with the prognostic factors of neonatal sepsis.

Keyword

Neonates; Sepsis; Prognostic factors; Mortality