Res Vestib Sci.
2023 Jun;22(2):34-45. 10.21790/rvs.2023.22.2.34.
A Comparative Analysis of the Vestibulocochlear Function in Patients with Isolated Semicircular Canal Hypofunction Using a Video Head Impulse Test
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Hallym University of Graduate Studies, Seoul, Korea
- 2Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
- 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- KMID: 2542950
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2023.22.2.34
Abstract
Objectives
The objective of this study was to analyze vestibulocochlear function results in patients identified with isolated semicircular canal (SCC) hypofunction using the video head impulse test (vHIT).
Methods
A retrospective review was conducted on the clinical records of 123 patients diagnosed with isolated SCC hypofunction based on vHIT results. Among these patients, 72 had isolated posterior SCC (PSCC) hypofunction, 25 had isolated lateral SCC (LSCC) hypofunction, and 26 had isolated anterior SCC (ASCC) hypofunction. Descriptive analyses were performed on various vestibulocochlear tests including pure tone audiometry, sinusoidal harmonic acceleration (SHA), spontaneous nystagmus (SN), head-shaking nystagmus (HSN), caloric testing, and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential, with results analyzed separately for each SCC hypofunction group.
Results
The study found that 66.0% of the evaluated patients exhibited abnormal results in at least one vestibulocochlear function test. PSCC hypofunction patients showed a significantly higher incidence of hearing loss compared to ASCC and LSCC hypofunction patients. LSCC hypofunction patients exhibited higher rates of corrective saccade, phase asymmetry of SHA, and SN abnormalities compared to other SCC hypofunction patients. Additionally, the rates of corrective saccade and phase asymmetry of SHA were also higher in LSCC hypofunction patients. ASCC hypofunction patients demonstrated significantly higher rates of normal corrective saccade, phase lead of SHA, and SN.
Conclusions
The analysis of this study suggests that even in cases where vHIT indicates isolated SCC hypofunction, additional vestibulocochlear function tests should be conducted to identify any associated vestibulocochlear dysfunctions. This highlights the importance of comprehensive evaluation to accurately diagnose and manage patients with SCC hypofunction.
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