Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci.
2023 May;21(2):340-358. 10.9758/cpn.2023.21.2.340.
Patterns of Impaired Neurocognitive Performance on the Global Neuropsychological Assessment, and Their Brain Structural Correlates in Recent-onset and Chronic Schizophrenia
- Mohan V
1,2 - Parekh P1,3,4
- Lukose A1
- Moirangthem S4
- Saini J5
- Schretlen DJ6,7
- John JP1,3,4
- Affiliations
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- 1Multimodal Brain Image Analysis Laboratory (MBIAL), National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- 2Department of Clinical Neurosciences, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- 3ADBS Neuroimaging Centre (ANC), National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- 4Departments of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- 5Departments of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- 6Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- 7Russel M. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- KMID: 2542942
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.9758/cpn.2023.21.2.340
Abstract
Objective
Schizophrenia is associated with impairment in multiple cognitive domains. There is a paucity of research on the effect of prolonged illness duration (≥ 15 years) on cognitive performance along multiple domains. In this pilot study, we used the Global Neuropsychological Assessment (GNA), a brief cognitive battery, to explore the patterns of cognitive impairment in recent-onset (≤ 2 years) compared to chronic schizophrenia (≥ 15 years), and correlate cognitive performance with brain morphometry in patients and healthy adults.
Methods
We assessed cognitive performance in patients with recent-onset (n = 17, illness duration ≤ 2 years) and chronic schizophrenia (n = 14, duration ≥ 15 years), and healthy adults (n = 16) using the GNA and examined correlations between cognitive scores and gray matter volumes computed from T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging images.
Results
We observed cognitive deficits affecting multiple domains in the schizophrenia samples. Selectively greater impairment of perceptual comparison speed was found in adults with chronic schizophrenia (p = 0.009, η2partial = 0.25). In the full sample (n = 47), perceptual comparison speed correlated significantly with gray matter volumes in the anterior and medial temporal lobes (TFCE, FWE p ＜ 0.01).
Conclusion
Along with generalized deficit across multiple cognitive domains, selectively greater impairment of perceptual comparison speed appears to characterize chronic schizophrenia. This pattern might indicate an accelerated or premature cognitive aging. Anterior-medial temporal gray matter volumes especially of the left hemisphere might underlie the impairment noted in this domain in schizophrenia.
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