Neurospine.  2023 Mar;20(1):33-42. 10.14245/ns.2346190.095.

Current Indications for Spinal Endoscopic Surgery and Potential for Future Expansion

• Chen KT
• Kim JS
• Huang APH
• Lin MHC
• Chen CM

• KMID: 2540868
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2346190.095

Abstract

Endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) has evolved as a safe, effective, and efficient alternative for minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS). The innovation of full-endoscopic systems makes definitive decompression surgery through different approaches feasible. The approach can be determined according to the location of the target lesion or the surgeon's preference. During the past 2 decades, ESS has expanded its indications from lumbar to cervical spines. Except for decompression, endoscopy-assisted fusion surgery is also developing. However, ESS is still evolving and has a steep learning curve. The revolution of technologies and ESS techniques will enable surgeons to treat various spinal diseases more practically. In recent years, the application of the computer-assisted navigation system and augmented reality have reformed imaging quality and interpretation. The endoscopic rhizotomy techniques have opened a new way for MISS of chronic low back pain. This review introduces the current indications of ESS and its potential future expansion.

Keyword

Endoscopic; Spine; Indications; Minimally invasive; Rhizotomy