J Korean Acad Pediatr Dent.  2023 Feb;50(1):89-103. 10.5933/JKAPD.2023.50.1.89.

Utilization of an Artificial Intelligence Program Using the Greulich-Pyle Method to Evaluate Bone Age in the Skeletal Maturation Stage

• Kim J
• Seo H
• Park S
• Lee E
• Jeong T
• Nam OH
• Choi S
• Shin J

• KMID: 2539899
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5933/JKAPD.2023.50.1.89

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to measure bone age using an artificial intelligence program based on the Greulich-Pyle (GP) method to find out the bone age corresponding to each stage of cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) and the middle phalanx of the third finger (MP3). This study was conducted on 3,118 patients who visited pediatric dentistry at Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital and Pusan National University Dental Hospital from 2013 to 2021. The CVM stage was divided into 5 stages according to the classification by Baccetti, and the MP3 stage was divided into 5 stages according to the methods of Hägg and Taranger. Based on the GP method, bone age was evaluated using an artificial intelligence program. The pubertal growth spurt in the CVM stage was CVM II and III. The mean bone age in CVM II was 11.00 ± 1.81 years for males and 10.00 ± 1.49 years for females, and in CVM III, 13.00 ± 1.46 years for males and 12.00 ± 1.44 years for females (p < 0.0001). The pubertal growth spurt in the MP3 stage was MP3 - G stage. The bone age at the MP3 - G stage was 13.14 ± 1.07 years for males and 11.40 ± 1.09 years for females (p < 0.0001). Bone age evaluation using artificial intelligence is worth using in clinical practice, and it is expected that a faster and more accurate diagnosis will be possible.

Keyword

Bone age; Cervical vertebral maturation; Middle phalanx of the third finger; Greulich-Pyle method; Artificial intelligence; Pubertal growth spurt