Korean J Dermatol.
2023 Jan;61(1):1-12.
Clinical and Histological Features of Eosinophilic Cellulitis in Korean Patients: A Case Series and Literature Review
- Affiliations
-
- 1Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- 2Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Sungnam, Korea
- 3Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- 4Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
Abstract
- Background
Eosinophilic cellulitis, also known as Wells’ syndrome, is an uncommon skin disease characterized by recurrent pruritic polymorphous plaques or nodules. There is limited knowledge in the Korean literature regarding the clinical characteristics and course of eosinophilic cellulitis.
Objective
To investigate the clinical and histological features of eosinophilic cellulitis in Korean patients.
Methods
In this case series study, we retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of patients diagnosed with eosinophilic cellulitis at our institutions from 2004 to 2022. We also analyzed the literature published in dermatology and internal medicine journals in Korea.
Results
A total of 17 patients were included in this study (age, 39.4±21.8 years; 12 male [70.6%]), with an average disease duration of 4.4 months. We identified six clinical variants, with the typical plaque type being the most common (33.3%), followed by the papulonodular type (22.2%). Eosinophilia was observed in 78.6% of patients, and a flame figure, which is a typical histopathological feature of eosinophilic cellulitis, was observed in 52.9% of patients. Systemic and topical steroids and antihistamines were used as first-line treatment with generally favorable results (82.4%), followed by antibiotics (35.3%), cyclosporine (23.5%), and topical calcineurin inhibitors (23.5%). The recurrence rate during the mean follow-up period of 21.8 months was 29.4%.
Conclusion
Eosinophilic cellulitis can present with various clinical manifestations, and flame figures do not appear in all cases; therefore, clinical and histological correlations are critical for accurate diagnosis of patients with eosinophilic cellulitis.
