J Nutr Health.  2022 Dec;55(6):670-683. 10.4163/jnh.2022.55.6.670.

Comparison of the levels of energy intake from dish and food groups by gender and age among Korean obese adults: data obtained from the 2013-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

• Sohn C
• Na W
• Kim C
• Choi S
• Kim OY
• Lee J
• Yoon MO
• Lee M

• KMID: 2537857
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2022.55.6.670

Abstract

Purpose
To provide the primary data on dietary guidelines for the management of obesity, we analyzed the intake rate of food groups and dish groups according to obesity and age. Data were obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANSE, 2013–2018).
Methods
This study analyzed the data of 21,184 adults aged 19-64 years, obtained from the KNHANSE 2013–2018. The 24-hour recall was performed and the food groups were classified into six representative food groups (grains, meat·fish·eggs·legumes, vegetables, fruits, milk and dairy, and oil and sugar), and ‘alcohol’ and ‘others’. The dish groups were classified into a total of twenty-four types.
Results
The normal group included 9,004 subjects (42.5%), while the obese group had 12,180 subjects (57.5%). The food groups showing significant differences according to obesity were grains (p < 0.001), meat/fish/egg/legumes (p < 0.001), and vegetables (p < 0.001); similar results were obtained in both male and female. Comparing the intake rate of food groups and dish groups targeting only the obese group according to age, the food groups showing significance between the obese group and the normal group were grains (p < 0.001) and vegetables (p < 0.001), with significantly increased intake in both genders. Considering the dish groups, significant increases were determined for stews (p < 0.001), seasoned vegetables (p < 0.001), and kimchi (p < 0.001) in male, and for rice (p < 0.001), seasoned vegetables (p < 0.001), kimchi (p < 0.001), and rice cakes (p < 0.001) in female.
Conclusion
The results of this study determined that the intake ratio of food and dish groups differs by age in obese adults. We believe that our results can be used as primary data for forming dietary guidelines for obese adults in the future.

Keyword

nutrition assessment; obesity; public health; diet; Korea