1. Packer M, Coats AJ, Fowler MB, et al. Effect of carvedilol on survival in severe chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2001; 344:1651–1658. PMID:
11386263.
Article
2. Puymirat E, Riant E, Aissaoui N, et al. β blockers and mortality after myocardial infarction in patients without heart failure: multicentre prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2016; 354:i4801. PMID:
27650822.
Article
3. Greenberg B. Medical management of patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Korean Circ J. 2022; 52:173–197. PMID:
35257531.
Article
4. Won H, Suh Y, Kim GS, Ko YG, Hong MK. Clinical impact of beta blockers in patients with myocardial infarction from the Korean National Health Insurance database. Korean Circ J. 2020; 50:499–508. PMID:
32096355.
Article
5. Knuuti J, Wijns W, Saraste A, et al. 2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J. 2020; 41:407–477. PMID:
31504439.
6. Neumann FJ, Sousa-Uva M, Ahlsson A, et al. 2018 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization. Eur Heart J. 2019; 40:87–165. PMID:
30165437.
7. Ozasa N, Morimoto T, Bao B, et al. β-blocker use in patients after percutaneous coronary interventions: one size fits all? Worse outcomes in patients without myocardial infarction or heart failure. Int J Cardiol. 2013; 168:774–779. PMID:
23127614.
Article
8. Motivala AA, Parikh V, Roe M, et al. Predictors, trends, and outcomes (among older patients ≥65 years of age) associated with beta-blocker use in patients with stable angina undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention: insights from the NCDR registry. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2016; 9:1639–1648. PMID:
27539683.
Article
9. Park J, Han JK, Kang J, et al. The clinical impact of β-blocker therapy on patients with chronic coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention. Korean Circ J. 2022; 52:544–555.
Article
10. Ferrari R, Camici PG, Crea F, et al. Expert consensus document: a ‘diamond’ approach to personalized treatment of angina. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2018; 15:120–132. PMID:
28880025.
Article