1. European Association for the Study of the Liver. 2017; EASL clinical practice guidelines: the diagnosis and management of patients with primary biliary cholangitis. J Hepatol. 67:145–172. DOI:
10.1016/j.jhep.2017.03.022. PMID:
28427765.
2. Efe C, Torgutalp M, Henriksson I, et al. 2021; Extrahepatic autoimmune diseases in primary biliary cholangitis: prevalence and significance for clinical presentation and disease outcome. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 36:936–942. DOI:
10.1111/jgh.15214. PMID:
32790935.
Article
4. Emese-Katalin K, István B, Enikő G, Biró AJ. 2018; Primary biliary cirrhosis and ankylosing spondylitis, a rare association. Internal Medicine. 15:43–48. DOI:
10.2478/inmed-2018-0045.
Article
5. Beuers U, Gershwin ME, Gish RG, et al. 2015; Changing nomenclature for PBC: from 'cirrhosis' to 'cholangitis'. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 39:e57–e59. DOI:
10.1016/j.clinre.2015.08.001. PMID:
26433440.
Article
8. Machado P, Landewé R, Braun J, Hermann KG, Baker D, van der Heijde D. 2010; Both structural damage and inflammation of the spine contribute to impairment of spinal mobility in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 69:1465–1470. DOI:
10.1136/ard.2009.124206. PMID:
20498215.
Article
9. Kiltz U, Braun J. 2020; Assessments of functioning in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. J Rheum Dis. 27:22–29. DOI:
10.4078/jrd.2020.27.1.22.
Article
11. Elewaut D, Matucci-Cerinic M. 2009; Treatment of ankylosing spondylitis and extra-articular manifestations in everyday rheumatology practice. Rheumatology (Oxford). 48:1029–1035. DOI:
10.1093/rheumatology/kep146. PMID:
19561158.
Article
12. El Maghraoui A. 2011; Extra-articular manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis: prevalence, characteristics and therapeutic implications. Eur J Intern Med. 22:554–560. DOI:
10.1016/j.ejim.2011.06.006. PMID:
22075279.
Article
14. Joshita S, Umemura T, Tanaka E, Ota M. 2018; Genetics and epigenetics in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis. Clin J Gastroenterol. 11:11–18. DOI:
10.1007/s12328-017-0799-z. PMID:
29159718.
Article
15. Kawashima M, Hitomi Y, Aiba Y, et al. 2017; Genome-wide association studies identify PRKCB as a novel genetic susceptibility locus for primary biliary cholangitis in the Japanese population. Hum Mol Genet. 26:650–659. DOI:
10.1093/hmg/ddw406. PMID:
28062665.
17. Ohno N, Ota Y, Hatakeyama S, et al. 2003; A patient with E. coli-induced pyelonephritis and sepsis who transiently exhibited symptoms associated with primary biliary cirrhosis. Intern Med. 42:1144–1148. DOI:
10.2169/internalmedicine.42.1144. PMID:
14686759.
Article
18. Bogdanos DP, Baum H, Grasso A, et al. 2004; Microbial mimics are major targets of crossreactivity with human pyruvate dehydrogenase in primary biliary cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 40:31–39. DOI:
10.1016/S0168-8278(03)00501-4. PMID:
14672611.
Article
19. Cardoneanu A, Cozma S, Rezus C, Petrariu F, Burlui AM, Rezus E. 2021; Characteristics of the intestinal microbiome in ankylosing spondylitis. Exp Ther Med. 22:676. DOI:
10.3892/etm.2021.10108. PMID:
33986841. PMCID:
PMC8112129.
Article
20. van Denderen JC, Blom GJ, van der Horst-Bruinsma IE, Dijkmans BA, Nurmohamed MT. 2012; Elevated liver enzymes in patients with ankylosing spondylitis treated with etanercept. Clin Rheumatol. 31:1677–1682. DOI:
10.1007/s10067-012-2072-7. PMID:
22941219.
Article
21. Choi SJ, Oh JS, Hong S, Lee CK, Yoo B, Kim YG. 2020; Liver enzyme elevation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis treated with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors: a single-center historical cohort study. Korean J Intern Med. 35:723–731. DOI:
10.3904/kjim.2018.407. PMID:
31870134. PMCID:
PMC7214361.
Article
22. Menghini VV, Arora AS. 2001; Infliximab-associated reversible cholestatic liver disease. Mayo Clin Proc. 76:84–86. DOI:
10.4065/76.1.84. PMID:
11155419.
Article