J Dig Cancer Res.  2022 Jun;10(1):1-8. 10.52927/jdcr.2022.10.1.1.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumors

• Choi SI

• KMID: 2530341
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.52927/jdcr.2022.10.1.1

Abstract

The incidence of gastric neuroendocrine tumors (NET) has been increased with the improvement of endoscopy accessibility. The World Health Organization classified NET of low (G1), intermediate (G2), high (G3) grade and neuroendocrine carcinoma with poor differentiation by mitotic count and Ki-67 labeling index. Gastric NET are divided into three subtypes based on the pathophysiology, and treatment is determined according to the subtype and prognostic factors of tumor. For diagnosis, endoscopy with biopsy, endoscopic ultrasonography, abdominal pelvis computed tomography, and serum gastrin level measure are required. In general, type 3, size > 2 cm, deep submucosal infiltration, high histological grade, lymphovascular invasion and metastasis are poor prognostic factors. Type 1 or 2 without these factors are treated by endoscopic resection, and other tumors needs surgery. Endoscopic resection of early type 3 or type 1 and 2 tumors with poor prognostic factors still remains a challenge.

Keyword

Neuroendocrine tumors; Diagnosis; Treatment