J Korean Acad Fundam Nurs.  2022 May;29(2):141-149. 10.7739/jkafn.2022.29.2.141.

Factors Affecting Pressure Ulcer among Inpatients in Long Term Care Facilities: Adults with Cognitive Impairment

• Do UH
• Park M
• Kim SH
• Moon KJ

• KMID: 2530202
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.7739/jkafn.2022.29.2.141

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study was to identify factors affecting pressure ulcers among cognitive impairment inpatients with long term care facilities.
Methods
In this secondary data analysis of the two long-term care facilities, 162 patients with mild or more cognitive impairment were analyzed. Patients with a pressure ulcer of stage 2 or higher that developed after the first day of hospitalization were defined as the pressure ulcer group, while the other patients comprised the non-pressure ulcer group. Demographic characteristics were compared between the two groups. Initially, a univariate analysis was conducted. Subsequently, risk factors were identified through logistic regression analysis using the variables that exhibited statistically significant differences in the univariate analysis.
Results
Thirty-three patients had hospital-acquired pressure ulcers. Age (odds ratio [OR]=0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.87~0.98), albumin levels (OR=0.25, 95% CI=0.08~0.77), Charlson comorbidity index (OR=1.57, 95% CI=1.14~2.18), and Mini-Mental State Examination for Koreans score (OR=0.90, 95% CI=0.81~0.99) were identified as risk factors for pressure ulcer occurrence.
Conclusion
Our data analysis supports independent associations between certain clinical characteristics and pressure ulcer occurrence in long-term care facility patients with cognitive impairment. To reduce the risk of pressure ulcers in long-term care facilities, health professionals should implement appropriate prevention measures.

Keyword

Cognitive impairment; Long term care; Pressure ulcer; Risk factors; 인지기능장애, 요양병원, 욕창, 위험요인